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International Cooking: A Culinary Journey, 2E

International Cooking: A Culinary Journey, 2E. Chapter 17 South America. History. Incans. lived in area that is now Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile developed an advanced civilization. bred plants to improve their crops adapted to withstand the climate

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International Cooking: A Culinary Journey, 2E

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  1. International Cooking: A Culinary Journey, 2E Chapter 17 South America

  2. History Incans • lived in area that is now Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile • developed an advanced civilization

  3. bred plants to improve their crops • adapted to withstand the climate • developed new varieties of vegetables • developed an irrigation system • terraced steep farmland • figured out methods to air-dry, salt, dehydrate, and freeze-dry foods

  4. arrived in early 1500s • introduced pigs, cows, lamb, chickens, goats, dairy products, wheat, and almonds • learned about corn, beans, potatoes, tomatoes, chili peppers, avocados, squash, sweet potatoes, pineapples, chocolate, tobacco, and vanilla Spanish Explorers

  5. arrived in Brazil in 1533 • brought African slaves to work sugar plantations • slaves brought recipes from their home • planted foods from their home Portuguese

  6. Topography • with the exception of Bolivia and Paraguay, all countries border an ocean or sea • Andes Mountains span 4,500 miles; longest chain and second highest group of mountains; runs parallel to Pacific

  7. Chile - Atacama Desert has no recorded rainfall • Amazon River is second longest river • largest rainforest is in Peru at Amazon River • Brazil - huge country, Amazon River flows through it

  8. Cooking Methods Before Spanish Arrival in 1500s • Boiled and steamed • broiled over an open fire • stewed (braised) • toasted in a dry pan

  9. In the 1500s, the Spanish introduced butter. This allowed frying.

  10. Regions • Much isolation because of terrain • Differences in the available foods produced in each area • Difficult sharing of foods and recipes because of isolation

  11. Peru and Ecuador • west of Andes - arid, hot, desert-like • east of Andes - tropical, hot, humid • Chile • north - desert with almost no rainfall and nothing growing • Center - fertile valleys of rich, sandy soil, Mediterranean climate ideal for growing grapes • South - near Antarctica, cold mountainous with thick forests and lots of rainfall

  12. Brazil • covers much of eastern South America • borders every country except Chile and Ecuador • Uruguay and Argentina • south • pampas • lots of cattle and crops

  13. Cuisine • Indians • Portugal • Spain Culinary Heritage

  14. many types of potatoes • identified over 4,000 varieties • many varieties of corn • quinoa (a type of grain) • beans • pumpkins • squash Incans in the Andes Grew

  15. rice • coconut • beans - black beans most popular Brazil Chile • fish and seafood • beans Argentina • beef

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