National Research Institute for Labour Protection Bucharest

1. SOLUTIONS TO REDUCE THE RISKS RELATED TO OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES National Research Institute for Labour Protection Bucharest Steluţa NISIPEANU PhD – Head of Chemical Risks Department E-mail: snisipeanu@protectiamuncii.ro

2. SOLUTIONS TO REDUCE THE RISKS RELATED TO OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES • TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS OF COLLECTIVE PROTECTION FOR THE EMPLOYEES EXPOSED TO CHEMICAL AGENTS IN THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT ACCORDING TO THE GENERAL NORMS OF LABOUR PROTECTION (N.G.P.M.), ART. 456. • TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE REPLACEMENT OF DANGEROUS CHEMICALS ACCORDING TO N.G.P.M., ART. 455. • TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR NEUTRALIZING CHEMICAL AGENTS WASTES ACCORDING TO N.G.P.M., ART. 221.

3. IMPACTUL MEDIULUI DE MUNCĂ ASUPRA STĂRII DE SĂNĂTATE ▪Accidente 14,56% ▪ Boli ale sistemului nervos 12,91% ▪ Boli datorate mediului de muncă 72,53%

4. Technical Solution forthe Concomitant Neutralizationof Nitrogen Oxides and Sulphur Oxides Utilization field: • Industrial sources of nitrogen and sulphur oxides: pickling – galvanization, dissolution – metal recovery (e.g. molybdenum, wolfram etc), combustion and calcination processes: • initial concentration NOx: 1000 - 3000 mg/ cu.m; • - Initial concentration SO2: 500 - 1000 mg/ cu.m. Designer: I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Based on Patent: RO 100649 Performer: S.C. POLIMAT S.R.L. Braşov Plant characteristics: • Dimensions: h = 2500, di = 500 • Construction type: 3 monoblocks of reinforced composite material • Neutralization agent: alkali solution with oxidizing additives • Yield: 90-92% Industrial application: S.C. STEAUA ELECTRICA S.A. – Fieni S.C. INSTAELECTRIC S.A. – Focsani (experiments)

5. Cleaning Plant for the Air with Volatile Component Hydrocarbons Utilization field: Sources of volatile component hydrocarbons from chemical industry, asphalt manufacture, briquetting with organic binders, etc. Designer: I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Based on Patent: RO 11216231 Performer: I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Plant characteristics: Industrial application: Footwear industry • 4 filtration modules; • Easy construction and exploitation; • Low energy consumption; • Yield: 90-95%

6. Foam Humid Filter Utilization field: Cleaning of waste gases with gaseous pollutants and recoverable powders content. Designer: I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Based on Patent: RO 112339B Performer: I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest S.C. POLIMAT S.R.L. Braşov Plant characteristics: • Capability of concomitant retention and neutralization of powders and gaseous pollutants; • Powder recovering capability; • Low investment costs, easy plant exploitation, reduced overall dimensions;; • Yield: 90% Industrial application: Ferrite Factory - Urziceni

7. Substitution of Perchlorethylene at Photopolymer Sheet Processing Technical solution characteristics: Utilization field: Processing of photopolymer sheets to be used at photographic film printing. • Substituting perchlorethylene by a solvent mixture of lower toxicity e.g. butyl toluene and acetate or butyl alcohol. Designer: I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Advantages: • Reducing risk level for the employees exposed to solvents. • Reducing hazards for the environment by the release of less toxic wastes. Industrial application: S.C. UNIPLAST S.A. Focşani

8. Neutralization Method of Toxic Wastes with Cyanide Contents Resulted of Thermochemical Treatment Processes in Salt Baths N2, CO2 Utilization field: Neutralization of toxic wastes with cyanide contents resulted of thermochemical treatments in salt baths. 700 – 10000C Designer: I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Treatment kiln Cyanide waste Inactive part recycling Performer: Thermochemical treatment section I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Plant characteristics: Industrial application: • Cyanide neutralization to non-toxic compounds; • Recycling 60% of bath inactive part; • Low investment costs; • Yield: 95 – 98% Semănătoarea Bucharest S.C. Aversa S.A. Bucharest

9. Coating Composition for Waste Toxic Metals Utilization field: TREATING AGENTS OF WASTES Other treating agents Welding wastes Waste of galvanic bath regeneration Furnace scoria Sanding waste • Metal coating workshops; • Ferrous / non-ferrous metal foundries; • Ore processing plants; • Work stations of water cleaning. Metal precipitation Designer: Metal insolubilization I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Toxic metal coating Treated waste Performer: Toxic metal waste I.N.C.D.P.M. Bucharest Plant characteristics: • Use of 3 waste types as treating agents; • Easy process control; • Capability of using treated waste as building material. Industrial application: AKER Tulcea

10. PRESENT CONCERNS • Neutralization of laboratory depreciated substances Utilization field: Neutralization of testing laboratory wastes Objectives: • Identifying actual needs in terms of neutralizing laboratory wastes through the dissemination of questionnaires to domestic laboratories. • Investigation on neutralization capabilities of wastes through chemical, physical, biochemical methods i.e. documentation and lab experiments. • Dissemination of outcomes. • Adsorbent Materials Impregnated with Neutralization Solutions Utilization field: Retention and neutralization of lab liquid wastes. Objectives: • Obtaining adsorbent materials of high specific surface. • Setting up specific impregnation solutions for adsorbed waste stabilization / neutralization. • Dissemination of outcomes.