Census 2011: Insights and Analysis of India's Population Trends

1. Demography and Census 2011 Dr. HemantGameti Assistant Professor AMC MET Medical College, Ahmedabad

2. Census 2011 is the 15th census of India since 1872 • Census 2011 was held in two phases: 1) House listing & Housing Census (April to September 2010) 2) Population Enumeration (9th to 28th February 2011)

3. Population-1,21 ,01,93,422 • Males - 62,37,24,248 • Females - 58,64,69,174 • Decadal population growth 2001-2011 • Total – 17.64% • Males – 17.19% • Females – 18.12% • Density of population – 382 per sq.km. • Sex ratio – 940/1000 males

5. Population In 0-6 age group • Population - 15,87,89,287 (13.12%) • Males – 8,29,52,135 (13.30%) • Females – 7,58,37,152 (12.93%) Literacy rate • Total – 74.04% • Males – 82.14% • Females – 65.46%

6. Gujarat • Population – 6,03,83,628 (5% of India) • Males – 3,14,82,282 • Females – 2,89,01,346 • Density – 308 per sq. km. • Population In 0-6 age group – 12.41% • 26 Districts

8. Census functionaries in India

9. Number of Administrative Units in 2011 • States/UT’s – 35 • Districts – 640 • Sub-districts – 5,924 • Towns – 7,936

11. Census Logo

13. 17.5% of world population is in India. • Average annual exponential growth rate of India – 1.64 (1.97, yr.2001) • Average annual exponential growth rate of Gujarat – 1.77 (2.06,yr.2001) • Gujarat Decade growth rate – 19.2 • EAG states – Rajasthan, UP, MP, Bihar, Orissa, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh • Gujarat 10th on population

14. Maternal Mortality Ratio • India – 212 per 1,00,000 live births (MMR – 16.3) Lifetime risk – 0.6% • Gujarat – 148 per 1,00,000 live births (MMR – 12.8) Lifetime risk – 0.4% Source – Special bulletin on MMR in India (SRS) June 2011

15. Sex ratio

17. - 940 Sex-ratio (Adult)

18. Sex-ratio • India - 940 • Gujarat – 918 • Ahmedabad – 903 • Sex-ratio at 0-6 age group • India – 914 • Gujarat - 886 • Literacy rate of Gujarat – 79.31% • Males – 87.23% • Females – 70.73%

19. - 914 Sex-ratio (0-6 yrs)

20. India (1=SRS 2011)

21. Gujarat (1=SRS 2011)

22. Ahmedabad

23. Ahmedabad District population – 72 lakhs • Urban – 60 lakhs (Growth rate – 27.82%) • Rural – 12 lakhs

24. Urban and Rural Population in Gujarat in 2011

27. Gender composition of Population 2011

28. Sex-ratio 2011

29. Child (0-6years) Sex-ratio 2011

33. Sex Ratio & Child Sex-Ratio

34. States literacy rate 2011

37. Density of population 2001-2011

39. Density of population

40. Chapter -3

41. Demographic Transition • “Demographic transition” is a model that describes population change over time. There are several expositions of demographic transition theory. • The theory mainly describes and analyses the transition from stable population with high mortality and high fertility to a stable population with low mortality and low fertility. • The stages of demographic transition have, however, been differently analysed by different demographers.

42. A commonly accepted theory defines four clear stages of population growth. The four stages are: • Stage 1: Typically seen in less developed countries where birth rates are high but a large number of people die of preventable causes leading to a stable population.

43. Stage 2: Death rates fall steeply as deaths from preventable causes are reduced by better food supply and improved public health, but birth rates remain high due to high fertility, poor social development and limited access to health and contraceptive services. This often leads to a spurt in population.

44. Stage 3: Birth rates fall but population continues to grow because there are a large number of people in the reproductive age group due to the high fertility of the previous generations. • Stage 4: Countries achieve a stable population once again with low birth and low death rates but at a higher level of social and economic development. Population is stable but higher than in stage one.

45. Demography Cycle • High Stationary India (1911-1920) CBR↑↑↑ CDR ↑↑↑ 2. Early Expanding India (1921-1930) CBR unchanged CDR↓ Improved services 3. Late Expanding CBR↓ CDR↓↓ India at present, China, Singapor

46. Low Stationary CBR ↓↓ CDR ↓↓ Sweden, Austria, Denmark, Belgium • Declining CBR ↓↓↓ CDR ↓↓ Germany, Hungary

47. Growth Rate = CBR –CDR 10

48. Demography • Scientific study of Human population. • Science of dealing with study of size, composition and distribution of population. • Size – Absolute No. in a given area at a specific time period. • Composition – Age, Sex, Life experience, socio-economic variables • Distribution – Geographic, Slum, Urban, Rural, Tribal, Population density

49. Family Size – Total no. of children a women has borne at a point in time. • Completed Family Size – Total no. of children borne by a women during her child bearing age. • Depends on • Age at marriage • Duration of marriage • No. of living children • Reference of marriage • Desired family size • Spacing of children

50. Urbanization – It is the process of population concentrate and occupational diversification.