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To BE or To BE

To BE or To BE. A few notes about the USAGE of SER and ESTAR. Basic Definitions. Ser is to express a concept or situation / item that won’t likely change Estar is to express current situations that are usually not permanent. SER = to be (existence verb).

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To BE or To BE

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  1. To BE or To BE • A few notes about the • USAGE of • SER and ESTAR

  2. Basic Definitions • Ser is to express a concept or situation / item that won’t likely change • Estar is to express current situations that are usually not permanent

  3. SER = to be (existence verb)

  4. Use SER for the following reasons: • P • O • I • N • T _ • D.

  5. Use SER for the following reasons: • Profession or Possession • Origin • Inherent Identity traits • Nationality • Time • D. day, date, definition of people

  6. Profession Mesero/a Camarero/a • Profesor/a Maestro/a • Estudiante Alumno/a • Director/a fotógrafo/a • Músico/a Plomero/a • Medico/a Doctor/a Enfermero/a

  7. Possession ¿De quién es [item] ? [Item] es de {person/s}. ¿De quién son [items – plural]? [Items] son de {person/s}.

  8. Origin“De + Place” • ¿De dónde eres tú? • ¿De dónde es Ud.? • (Yo) soy de _____ • ¿De dónde son Uds.? • (Nosotros) somos de______.

  9. ***Inherent Identity***basic characteristics, rarely change Size or shape(grande,pequeño, gordo, flaco) Height or length(alto, bajo, largo, corto) Identity:hombre, mujer, muchacho/a, joven, viejo/a, bonito/a, feo/a Color

  10. Nationality mexicano/a cubano/a puertorriqueño/a estadounidense canadiense vietnamita

  11. Time • ¿Qué hora es? • Es la una /// Son las (dos). • ¿A qué hora es la clase? • La clase es a las _____. • Temprano (early) • Tarde(late)

  12. Day / Date, Definition Day:¿Qué día es hoy? Hoy es (l, m, m, j, v, s, d). Date:¿Cuál es la fecha? Es el ____(number) de _____ (month). **Definition: 2 terms for same person La Sra. Armendariz es mi profesora.

  13. Estar = to be… located, to feel

  14. Use ESTAR for the following reasons: • L • A • C • E

  15. Use ESTAR for the following reasons: • Locations “en + place” • Actions in progress “--ing” • Conditions - can change with time or help • Emotions (feelings)

  16. Location • ***Dónde está(s)?*** • Está / estoy en + place **aquí **allí **allá

  17. Rima • Izquierda, derecha • Delante, detrás • Cerca y lejos • ….Y algo mas… • Abajo, arriba • Enfrente, encima • Y ahora muchachos, se acaba la rima! detrás delante

  18. Action in Progress Use a form of estar to indicate the subject Add a form of “present participle” [-ndo] to represent [-ing] verb that is “in the process” of occurring.

  19. Present Participle formation(see p. 308 Realidades Uno for more info.) • AR verbs drop the “ar” and replace it with “ando”

  20. -ER and -IR verbs • ER and IR verbs drop the “er” or “ir” and replace with “iendo”.

  21. Present Participle Special Exceptions • Rare exceptions with 3+ vowels: “iendo” becomes “yendo” • Ex: le-er > leiendo > leYendo • tra-er > traeiendo > traYendo

  22. Conditions“here today, gone tomorrow” **¿Cómo está(s)? Bien / mal Enfermo/a Cansado/a Ocupado/a (no) de acuerdo Rico/a, delicioso/a (comida) Tranquilo/a

  23. Emotions (“nothing more than feelings”) Contento/a – Feliz Enojado/a (angry) Frustrado/a Emocionado/a Triste Preocupado/a (worried)

  24. Ready for a Quiz???¿Estás listo/a [preparado(a)] para una prueba?

  25. What is the “clue” phrase for origin? • En + place • De + place • Estadounidenses

  26. Which word does NOT indicate an identity trait? (ser family) antipático/a rosado/a fácil desordenado/a difícil delicioso/a corto/a introvertido/a

  27. Which word does NOT indicate a condition or emotion? (estar family) ocupado/a furioso/a contento/a cansado/a pequeño/a enojado/a loco/a triste delicioso/a

  28. Associate the Opposites (estar) Cerca Abajo Derecha Mal De acuerdo Nervioso/a Emocionado/a

  29. Associate the Opposites (ser) Largo/a Feo/a Aburrido/a Pequeño/a Antipático/a Viejo/a Barato/a mayor

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