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Joan Alberich Liverpool, 19 June

A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» USED IN THE 2001 CENSUS OF POPULATION IN SPAIN AN APPLICATION TO CATALONIA. Joan Alberich Liverpool, 19 June. 1. Introduction. The geographical context The demographical context - The pyramides of population

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Joan Alberich Liverpool, 19 June

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  1. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» USED IN THE 2001 CENSUS OF POPULATION IN SPAIN AN APPLICATION TO CATALONIA Joan Alberich Liverpool, 19 June

  2. 1 Introduction • The geographical context • The demographical context - The pyramides of population • - The population growth • - The daily mobility 5 Conclusions 2 3 The research The Population Census of 2001 • Introduction and conceptual framework • The recollected information about mobility 4 A critical review of the concept «linked population» • The concept of «linked population» • An application to Catalonia A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» SUMMARY

  3. The geographical context Data year 2004 Area (km2) 32.106,54 Population (hab.) 6.813.319 Density (hab./km2) 212,21 A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 1 INTRODUCTION I • Barcelona 1 2 3 4 5

  4. The demographical context.The pyramids of population Source: www.idescat.es A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 1 INTRODUCTION II 1 2 3 4 5

  5. The demographical context.The population growth 2001 = 106,5 Total population 7.000.000 1981 = 100 6.000.000 5.000.000 4.000.000 2001 = 154,7 Working population 3.000.000 1986 = 100 2.000.000 1.000.000 1986 = 100 2001 = 81,15 Student population 0 1986 1991 1996 1981 2001 Source: www.idescat.es A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 1 INTRODUCTION II 1 2 3 4 5

  6. The demographical context.The daily mobility Movements 3.000.000 2.500.000 2.000.000 45,5% 1.500.000 29,4% 1.000.000 500.000 54,5% 70,6% 0 1986 1991 1996 2001 Destination: Same municipality Another municipality Source: www.idescat.es A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 1 INTRODUCTION II 1 2 3 4 5

  7. Minutes / km The demographical context.The daily mobility 25 20,91 20,26 20,56 20,37 20 15,87 14,14 16,56 15 13,35 13,37 12,73 10 11,37 10,74 5 0 1986 1991 1996 2001 Distance in straight line Distance by highway Time Source: Our calculation from www.idescat.es A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 1 INTRODUCTION II 1 2 3 4 5

  8. Introduction and conceptual framework A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 2 THE RESEARCH I Hypothesis • The mobility is an inherent characteristic of the persons: in order to carry out our daily activities ―like to go to work or study, to shopping, to enjoy the time of leisure or the second residence, etc.― we move on a more or less delimited territory. • Because of increasing mobility, it is not possible to characterize the population by its place of residence. • For this motive, it is necessary to overcome the former concepts of population of fact and population of right, and his substitution for that of “linked population”. • Thus, the hypothesis is that the persons, through their usual mobility, enter in touch in different territories and establish one certain form of linking, according to with the type of activity that they carry out, the time of permanence, etc. 1 2 3 4 5

  9. Introduction and conceptual framework - individual character (sex, age, civil state, level of instruction, relationship with the activity, migratory trajectory…) - characters of the home of what they are part (regime of possession, familiar typology…) A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 2 THE RESEARCH Objectives 1) From the point of view of the population 2) From the point of view of the territory 1.a) To determine the "spaces of life" of the people: "to draw" the territory where they make its daily activities, to that they are related from its mobility. 2.a) To determine the number real of people that use a certain territory, independently of its place of residence. 1.b) To establish a typology of the different linking of the persons in the territory from their sociodemographic characteristics. 2.b) To surpass asi the old ideas of "population in fact" («di facto») and "population of right" («di jure») with the estimation of the linked population or the seasonal population. 1 2 3 4 5

  10. The recollected information about mobility Place of residence Place of work/study Type of transport Number of daily trips Time of displacement Possibility of calculating distances UTM A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 3 THE POPULATION CENSUS OF 2001 a) About daily mobility: the trips between the place of residence and the place of work/study • Available information for the first time for the whole Spain • For Catalunya, available series of homogeneous information from 1986 • Available Information only for the 16-year-old major persons 1 2 3 4 5

  11. The recollected information about mobility Place of residence Place of 2nd residence Days / year of use Possibility of calculating distances UTM A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 3 THE POPULATION CENSUS OF 2001 b) About the mobilty related with the second residence • Available information for the first time for the whole Spain • Scale of analysis: home. It is not possible to know individual behaviors. • We do not know the second residences of the residents abroad. 1 2 3 4 5

  12. The concept of «linked population» • INE defines the «linked population» as: «The set of persons with habitual residence in Spain that have some type of habitual links with the municipality, already be because they live there, they work or study, or because, not having there his residence, to be accustomed to stay determinates periods of time (summers, weekends ...).» • Total population of a municipality: • Working population • Student population • Population who has a second residence • Working population • Student population • Population who has a second residence + Resident population Non-resident population (“linked”) Total population = 100. Total = resident. No linked population. 100  … x 100 = 200. Total = 2 x resident. Resident = Linked Resident population = … A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 4 A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» I • INE defines the «linked population» as: «The set of persons with habitual residence in Spain that have some type of habitual links with the municipality, already be because they live there, they work or study, or because, not having there his residence, to be accustomed to stay determinates periods of time (summers, weekends ...).» • Total population of a municipality: + Resident population Non-resident population (“linked”) • INE also calculates so called «rate of linking», which formula is: 1 2 3 4 5

  13. An application to Catalonia 140,7% 138,3% 138,0% 133,5% 132,6% 131,3% 131,1% 128,6% 128,5% 127,1% 126,0% 125,2% 124,4% 124,3% 122,9% 122,1% 121,6% 120,8% 102,1% 101,8% A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 4 A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» II 150,0% 140,0% 130,0% Rate of linking 120,0% 110,0% 100,0% Ceuta Spain Murcia Galícia Melilla Navarra Aragón Asturias La Rioja Catalonia Cantabria Andalucía País Vasco Extremadura Islas Canarias Islas Baleares Castilla y León Castilla-La Mancha Comunidad de Madrid Comunidad Valenciana 1 2 Region 3 4 5

  14. An application to Catalonia A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 4 A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» II 1 2 3 4 5

  15. An application to Catalonia Linked population (absolut) • Great presence of population lin-ked in the coastal band, because all the principal economic and touristcenters of the country are there. • Great presence of population lin-ked in the coastal band, because all the principal economic and touristcenters of the country are there. • Great presence of population lin-ked in the coastal band, because all the principal economic and touristcenters of the country are there. • The same thing happens in the regional capitals. • The same thing happens in the regional capitals. • Finally, the region of the Pyrenees is another important area of linked population. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 4 A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» II 1 2 3 4 5

  16. An application to Catalonia Rate of linking (%) • Overvaluation of the second resi-dences, because these tend to be lo-cated in the smallest municipalities. • Overvaluation of the second resi-dences, because these tend to be lo-cated in the smallest municipalities. ?! • It isn't a good indicator to measure the territorial links of the persons. • Need to look for a new indicator. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 4 A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» II 1 2 3 4 5

  17. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» 5 CONCLUSIONS • As it is formulated nowadays, the indicator of “linked populations” is not valid. • His principal problem is that there values too much the population linked across the second residences, in opposition to the working or student population. • Base problem: it is a question formulated to the household, so that all his members turn out to be like linked. • Need to consider the population according to the time of permanencyin the municipality of destiny, etc. • We are working… 1 2 3 4 5

  18. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT «LINKED POPULATION» USED IN THE 2001 CENSUS OF POPULATION IN SPAIN AN APPLICATION TO CATALONIA Joan Alberich Liverpool, 19 June

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