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Solar Systems

Solar Systems. Topics. The Solar System Basic characteristics Formation of the Solar System Extra-Solar Planets Summary. The Solar System. Basic Characteristics of the Solar System Planets orbit in the same direction Planets lie approximately in the same plane

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Solar Systems

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  1. Solar Systems

  2. Topics • The Solar System • Basic characteristics • Formation of the Solar System • Extra-Solar Planets • Summary

  3. The Solar System • Basic Characteristics of the Solar System • Planets orbit in the same direction • Planets lie approximately in the same plane • Small rocky worlds nearby, large gaseous worlds further out • Age ~ 4.6 billion years

  4. Formation of the Solar System • Current Idea • Solar system formed from collapse of a huge cloud of gas and dust • The original cloud must have been spinning slowly • As the cloud collapsed it spun faster because of the conservation of angular momentum

  5. The Orion Nebula

  6. Star Birth The Eagle Nebula

  7. Extra-Solar Planets • In December 1991, the astronomers Alex Wolszczan and Dale Frail discovered an amazing fact about the star • PSR B1257+12 Alexander Wolszczan

  8. PSR B1257+12 Star: Pulsar Distance: 1300 light years Planets: 3 Earth-sized 305 m Arecibo dish in Puerto Rico

  9. Discovering Extra-Solar Planets Fig. 9-6, p.193

  10. Discovering Extra-Solar Planets – II • Discovery • On July 4, 1995, after months of careful observations, the astronomers Michel Mayor and his Didier Queloz became convinced that they had, finally, discovered the first extra-solar planet orbiting a Sun-like star.  • Their discovery was confirmed by the American astronomers Geoff Marcy and Paul Butler who went on to discover many more exoplanets.

  11. Upsilon Andromodae (1999) http://cannon.sfsu.edu/~gmarcy/planetsearch/upsand/upsand.html

  12. p.188

  13. http://www.extrasolar.net/mainframes.html

  14. Discovering Planets using Transit Fig. 9-8a, p.195

  15. Fig. 9-8b, p.195

  16. Proto-planetary Disks

  17. Summary • Solar System • Most likely to have formed from a huge dust and gas cloud about 4.6 billion years ago • Conservation of angular momentum caused cloud to flatten into a proto-planetary disk. • Extra-Solar Planets • More than 100 extra-solar planets have been discovered • Very different from our own Solar System • Many Jupiter-like planets close to parent star

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