Chapter 1 We the People

1. Section 1:Civics in Our Lives Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? Section 3:The American People Today Chapter 1We the People Quiz Review Test

2. Section 1: Civics in Our Lives The Main Idea As a U.S. citizen, it is your duty to help preserve freedom and to ensure justice and equality for yourself and all Americans. Reading Focus • Why do we study civics? • What are the values that form the basis of the American way of life? • What are the roles and qualities of a good citizen?

3. Section 1: Civics in Our Lives Why Study Civics? Latin word civismeans citizen What it means to be an American citizen • Civics-- study of citizenship and government • Citizen-- is a legally recognized member of a country • have rights and responsibilities that differ from country to country • Government-- is the organizations, institutions, and individuals who exercise political authority over a group of people Originated with the Greeks & adopted by the Romans (Nation) Authority that acts on behalf of a group of people

4. Why Study Civics cont. • Citizenship includes being a productive and active member of society. • Americans are also citizens of their state & local governments

5. civics citizen government

6. Section 1: Civics in Our Lives The Main Idea As a U.S. citizen, it is your duty to help preserve freedom and to ensure justice and equality for yourself and all Americans. Reading Focus • Why do we study civics? • What are the values that form the basis of the American way of life? • What are the roles and qualities of a good citizen?

7. Section 1: Civics in Our Lives American Values: Ideas that people hold dear & try to live by • Equality, liberty, and justice for all people • Foundation of our rights and freedoms • Model for other countries • Equality- all people are equal under the law • Liberty- Freedom • Justice- Gov’t. protects your rights

8. Section 1: Civics in Our Lives American Values: • Freedom and equality are protected by laws. • Citizens share in protecting liberties. • Citizens are guaranteed an education and equal opportunity of employment. • Citizens must respect the rights of others. (freedoms) Pursue their dreams

9. Values Equality, Liberty & Justice

10. Section 1: Civics in Our Lives The Main Idea As a U.S. citizen, it is your duty to help preserve freedom and to ensure justice and equality for yourself and all Americans. Reading Focus • Why do we study civics? • What are the values that form the basis of the American way of life? • What are the roles and qualities of a good citizen?

11. Section 1: Civics in Our Lives Qualities of a good citizen: • Voting • Government or political participation • Informing officials of needs or disagreements • Studying civics to understand the government • Respecting the rights of others • Responsibly using natural resources One of the most important responsibilities of a citizen Respects & obeys the laws Recycling Responsible family members

12. Section 1 Question: What ideals form the basis of the U.S. government and the American way of life? American Ideals • Freedom • Equality

13. people are responsible family members respect and obey laws respect the rights and property of others are loyal to their country and proud of its accomplishments take part in and improve life in their communities take an active part in their government use natural resources wisely are well informed on important issues and are willing to take a stand on these issues when conscience demands it believe in equality of opportunity for all people respect individual differences, points of view, and ways of life that are different from their own

14. Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? The Main Idea Throughout history, immigrants have brought their languages, ideas, beliefs, hopes, and customs to the United States. Their ways of life are constantly mixing with and influencing the culture of Americans who came before. Reading Focus • Who are “Americans,” and from where did they come? • What changes have occurred in U.S. immigration policy since the early 1800s? • How does a person become a U.S. citizen? Americans are primarily immigrants or descendents of immigrants

15. Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? Americans Are from Everywhere: • With the exception of Native Americans, all of us can trace our family’s roots to another country. • “melting pot” v. “salad bowl” • Immigrants—people who come here from other countries • People from Siberia settled in North America 12,000–40,000 years ago. • 1492—Christopher Columbus claimed land for Spain. • Spanish, French, British, Dutch, Swedish, and Africans (slaves) settled in America. To settle as a permanent resident Asia Settled the original 13 colonies

18. X F

19. Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? The Main Idea Throughout history, immigrants have brought their languages, ideas, beliefs, hopes, and customs to the United States. Their ways of life are constantly mixing with and influencing the culture of Americans who came before. Reading Focus • Who are “Americans,” and from where did they come? • What changes have occurred in U.S. immigration policy since the early 1800s? • How does a person become a U.S. citizen?

20. Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? Immigration Policy: Limit placed on the number of immigrants who may enter the U.S. each year. • 1880s—restrictions placed on immigration in response to wage issues • 1920s—Limits on yearly immigration; quotas set for particular countries • Immigration Act of 1990—cap set at 675,000 immigrants per year • Gives preference to three groups of people • Husbands, wives, and children of U.S. citizens • People who have valuable job skills • Aliens– Permanent residents of the U.S. who are still citizens of another country 1995

22. F A x D

23. Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? The Main Idea Throughout history, immigrants have brought their languages, ideas, beliefs, hopes, and customs to the United States. Their ways of life are constantly mixing with and influencing the culture of Americans who came before. Reading Focus • Who are “Americans,” and from where did they come? • What changes have occurred in U.S. immigration policy since the early 1800s? • How does a person become a U.S. citizen?

24. Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? Becoming a U.S. Citizen: • Native-Born– Born in the U.S. • States and territories • To American parents • Naturalization– Process by which an alien becomes a U.S. citizen • same rights and duties as native-born • when a parent is naturalized, his or her children automatically become citizens as well • Cannot be Pres. or V.P

26. Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? Becoming a U.S. Citizen: • Legal Aliens • a citizen of another country who has received permission to enter the U.S. • Most come to visit or to attend school • cannot serve on juries, vote, or hold public office • aliens must carry a green card at all times • Illegal Immigrants • Undocumented residents Are protected by U.S. Laws Aliens

27. Section 2: Who Are U.S. Citizens? Becoming a U.S. Citizen: • Refugees • not included in Quotas • people who are trying to escape dangers in their home countries • usually fleeing persecution, wars, political conflicts, and other crisis situation

31. Section 2 voting rights Benefits of Citizenship right to hold public office freedom of job choice Question: What are the benefits of U.S. citizenship?

32. F A D C B E

33. enter United States legally recieve green card be a resident for five years apply for citizenship have fingerprints taken be interviewed and take tests take Oath of Allegiance

34. Section 3: The American People Today The Main Idea The U.S. population continues to grow and change today. Reading Focus • Why is the census important? • In what ways does population grow and change? • What has changed about the American population over the years? • For what reasons have Americans moved and settled in new areas over the course of U.S. history?

35. Section 3: The American People Today The Census Every 10 years • Determines how many people each state has in the House of Representatives • Shows population growth and decline for different areas • Collects demographics– characteristics of human populations • Helps government, businesses, and individuals plan for the future Official count of the number of people living in the U.S. Includes number of children in American Families

36. Census information

37. Section 3 Question: Why is census information important? Who Uses It How They Use It government to plan the budget to fill the needs of the market businesses to write books and reports individuals

38. Census Demographics

39. Section 3: The American People Today The Main Idea The U.S. population continues to grow and change today. Reading Focus • Why is the census important? • In what ways does population grow and change? • What has changed about the American population over the years? • For what reasons have Americans moved and settled in new areas over the course of U.S. history?

40. Section 3: The American People Today Population Growth: • Natural increase • birthrate is greater than the death rate • Adding new territories • Immigration Annual number of live births per 1,000 members of a pop. 1. 2. 3. Annual number of deaths per 1,000 members of a pop.

41. U.S. and World Population Clock

42. Birthrate Deathrate

43. Section 3: The American People Today The Main Idea The U.S. population continues to grow and change today. Reading Focus • Why is the census important? • In what ways does population grow and change? • What has changed about the American population over the years? • For what reasons have Americans moved and settled in new areas over the course of U.S. history?

44. Section 3: The American People Today Population Changes: • Changing Households • Since 1970, the size of the U.S. household has decreased • Changing Women’s Roles • The percentage of women working outside the home is increasing • An Older Population • A More Diverse Population Decline in birthrate and death rate have led to an increase in the % of people over 65

47. Older Diverse

48. Section 3: The American People Today The Main Idea The U.S. population continues to grow and change today. Reading Focus • Why is the census important? • In what ways does population grow and change? • What has changed about the American population over the years? • For what reasons have Americans moved and settled in new areas over the course of U.S. history?

49. Section 3: The American People Today Changes in the movement of Americans: • The first census found the majority of Americans living on farms and rural areas. • 1830—urban areas were growing faster than rural areas • 1920—more Americans lived in cities than in rural areas • Mid-1900s—suburbs developed around crowded cities • Today there are more people living in suburbs than in cities. • Migration to the Sunbelt increased during the 1980s–1990s. New York City is the U.S.’s most populous city Majority (80%) Metropolitan areas Region made up of states in the south and west Movement of large numbers of people from region to region

50. The Sunbelt