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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. The Law of reflection allows mirrors to form images. Section 5. 1 – The Ray Model of Light. The ray model of light can be used to understand how light moves in straight lines, reflects off mirrors and refracts through lenses.

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 The Law of reflection allows mirrors to form images

  2. Section 5. 1 – The Ray Model of Light • The ray model of light can be used to understand how light moves in straight lines, reflects off mirrors and refracts through lenses. • In order for you to see an object, it must reflect some light back to your eyes. • Sir Isaac Newton believed that light is a stream of fast-moving, unimaginably tiny particles. A ray is an imaginary line showing the direction in which light is traveling

  3. Transparent Materials – allows light to pass freely through it. Only a small amount of light is absorbed and reflected. • Translucent Materials – most light rays get through, but are scattered in all directions. They do not allow objects to be seen distinctly. • Opaque Materials – prevents any light from passing through it. It only absorbs and reflects light.

  4. Rectilinear Propagation – light travels in a straight line. • The distance from a light source affects the size of the shadow that an object makes. • The closer an object is to a light source, the smaller the shadow. Page 175, Questions 1 -4

  5. Reflection – 2 different types • 1. Specular Reflection – reflection from a mirror-like surface, which produces an image of the surroundings. Specular Reflection

  6. 2. Diffuce Reflection – reflection from a rough surface, which does not produce a clear image but instead allows you to see what is on the surface. An example of Diffuce Reflection Diffuse reflection allows you to read print on a page. The black ink, on a white page, will absorb most of the light. The white page will reflect rays which go out in all directions. Page 177, Questions 1 - 3

  7. Law of Reflection • The angle of reflection of a light ray is equal to the angle of incidence, or the angle at which the ray strikes the reflecting surface.

  8. Refraction • The bending of light, when it travels from one medium to another. Light being refracted through a prism Angle of incidence (i) Angle of Reflection ( r ) Angle of Refraction (R) Page 181, Questions 1 – 3 Read Pages 181 – 182 Page 182, Questions 1 - 2

  9. Core Lab – Follow that Refracted Ray • Lab write up – page 184 & 185 • Questions 3 – 8 page 185 Page 187, Questions 1 – 11 Page 171, Foldable - 1st 2 sections

  10. Section 5.2 Images in Plane Mirrors Using Mirrors to Form Images • All mirrors reflect light according to the law of reflection. • A flat smooth mirror is called a plane mirror. • The mirror on the wall, in your bathroom, is probably a plane mirror.

  11. Plane Mirrors • Plane mirrors form an image that is upright and appears to be as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it. • Left and right appear to be reversed in a plane mirror. Page 191, Questions 1 - 3

  12. Core Lab – Demonstrating the Law of Reflection • Lab Write Up – Page 192 & 193 • Analyze Questions: 1 – 3 • Conclude and Apply Questions: 1 -3 • Lab Write Up – Page 194 • Analyze Questions: 1 – 2 • Conclude and Apply Questions: 3 – 4 • Page 195, Questions: 1 – 6 • Foldable – Section 3

  13. Section 5. 3 – Images in Curved Mirrors Concave Mirrors • A concave mirror is a mirror that curves inward. • Light reflecting off a concave mirror meet at a single point called the focal point. • Light rays that come together are called converging rays. • Flashlights, car headlights, and telescopes, are a few applications of concave mirrors.

  14. The image formed by a concave mirror depends on the location of the object. A ~ object outside 2 focal point lengths; image is smaller and inverted and real B ~ object is between F and 2F; image is larger and inverted and real C ~ object is between F and mirror; image is larger and upright and virtual Page 202, Questions: 1 - 4

  15. Convex Mirrors • A convex mirror is a mirror that curves outwards. • Reflected rays from a convex mirror diverge and do not meet.

  16. The image formed by a convex mirror have these characteristics: • Image is smaller than the object. • The image distance is smaller than the object distance. • The image is upright. • The image is virtual. • More objects can be seen in a convex mirror than in a plane mirror.

  17. Using Lenses to Form Images • A lens is a piece of transparent material that can bend, or refract, light rays in useful ways to help form a well-focused image. • A lens can be concave or convex.

  18. Concave Lenses • Concave lenses are thinner in the middle than at the edge. • Concave lenses cause light rays to diverge. • Concave lenses produce images that are upright and smaller than the object. • Concave lenses are sometimes used in eyeglasses and telescopes.

  19. Convex Lenses • Convex lenses are thicker in the middle than at the edge. • Convex lenses cause light rays to converge. • When parallel rays strike a convex lens they come together at the focal point. • A magnifying glass is a good example of a convex lens.

  20. Focal length in Convex Lenses • The distance from the centre of the lens to the focal point is called the focal length.

  21. The type of image a convex lens forms depends on where the object is relative to the focal point. Page 206, Questions: 1 – 3 Page 209, Questions: 1 – 12 Foldable – Remaining Sections Chapter Review Questions, Page 210

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