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Lord of the Flies (1954)

Lord of the Flies (1954). William Golding. Essential Question: What is Justice?. Guiding Questions to consider while reading the novel: Is evil innate (already exists), or must it be taught (nature vs. nurture)? Are children “naturally” innocent?

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Lord of the Flies (1954)

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  1. Lord of the Flies (1954) William Golding

  2. Essential Question: What is Justice? Guiding Questions to consider while reading the novel: Is evil innate (already exists), or must it be taught (nature vs. nurture)? Are children “naturally” innocent? Does evil come from people, or from their society?

  3. Sir William Golding (1911-1993) • Born in Cornwall, England • Graduated from Oxford University with B.A. in English Literature in 1934 • Fought with distinction in Royal Navy during WWII • LOTF his second book (1954), won Nobel Prize • Golding’s novels often were allegories, set in closed societies, dealing with ancient societies (hunter-gatherers, Egyptians, Greeks), and heavily mythic and symbolic. (Allegory: like a fable, a text that represents a different meaning besides the obvious, is imaginative, and may teach a moral). • Sometimes criticized for being heavy-handed in allegory and symbolism • Knighted by QEII in 1988

  4. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900, L. Frank Baum) Allegory of 1890’s political debates over “Gold Standard”? • “Yellow Brick Road” = gold standard • Dorothy’s “silver” shoes (which she loses one in fight with Wicked Witch) = silver standard, which failed (more coins creates less value) • Scarecrow = Populist farmers • Tin Man = North industrialization • Lion = William Jennings Bryan, fiery Populist candidate • Munchkins = common people • Wizard = President, Emerald City = “cash-greedy” Washington, Oz = “oz.”, ounces

  5. Literary Device Focus for LOTF • Characterization • Theme • Symbolism • Microcosm • Deus Ex Machina • Stylistic Choices: Why did Golding . . .

  6. Symbolism in Lord of the Flies What could the following items in the book signify? • Conch • Glasses • Fire • Clothing • Beach, Forest, Mountain • The Dead Pilot (who parachutes on island)

  7. Microcosm • Definition: A small scale, or miniature, version of the large world. • Multimedia examples? • How might the island in LOTF be a microcosm?

  8. Deus Ex Machina • Came from ancient Greek theater: a crane that would “drop in” an actor portraying a god who would intervene in a story (“god out of a machine”). • In literature: an improbable plot device, when a character, event or unexpected turn of events “saves the day.” • Usually criticized, since it seems forced. • Examples? • Think of this literary device when reading the end of LOTF.

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