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Gases: Additional Concepts

Gases: Additional Concepts. The Ideal Gas Law. Avagadro’s Principle: At equal temperatures and pressures, equal volumes of gas contain the same number of particles 1 mol = 22.4 L. Ideal gas law : the math of Avogadro’s principle. The Ideal Gas Law. PV = nRT. P = pressure ( kpa )

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Gases: Additional Concepts

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  1. Gases: Additional Concepts The Ideal Gas Law • Avagadro’s Principle:At equal temperatures and pressures, equal volumes of gas contain the same number of particles • 1 mol = 22.4 L • Ideal gas law: the math of Avogadro’s principle.

  2. The Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT P = pressure (kpa) V = volume (liters) n = number of moles R = universal gas constant 8.314 L·kPa mol·K T = temperature (K) You can use this equation to determine relationships between each variable Kelvin (K) = ᵒC + 273

  3. Applying the Ideal Gas Law Ex4) What volume does 1.00 moles of CH4 occupy at STP? PV = nRT P = 101.3 kPa R = 8.314 L·kPa mol·K T = 273 K V = ? n = 1.00 mol (101.3 kpa)V (1.00mol)(8.314L·kPa/mol·K)(273 K) = = 22.4 L

  4. Applying the Ideal Gas Law • Ex5) What pressure does 2.5 grams of O2 exert on a 3.20 liter vessel at 315 ºC? PV = nRT R = 8.314 L·kPa mol·K P = ? T = 315 ºC + 273 = V = 3.2 L = 588 K 1 mol O2 n = 2.5 g O2 = 0.078 mol O2 32.0 g O2 P(3.2 L) = (0.078mol)(8.314L·kPa/mol·K)(588 K) = 119 kPa

  5. Homework: Ideal Gas Law How do you know when to use which? - 2 sets of similar conditions = combined gas law - 1 set of conditions = ideal gas law • Show all work – no work, no credit! • Label all units! • Due tomorrow at the beginning of class

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