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PLANTS (External & Internal Structures)

Explore the intricate structures of plant shoots and stems in this detailed guide, including shoot apical meristem, leaf components, vascular tissue, and stem morphology of dicot and monocot plants.

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PLANTS (External & Internal Structures)

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  1. PLANTS (External & Internal Structures) (Part 2)

  2. shoot apical meristem terminal bud leaf axillary bud blade vascular tissue petiole node Shoot system internode vascular tissue vascular tissue Root system root hair dermal tissue root apical meristem ground tissue root cap root tip vascular tissue

  3. The Stem

  4. Morphology of a Dicot Stem

  5. shoot apical meristem leaf scar node bundle scar internode lenticel

  6. Shoot apical meristem Leafprimordium Youngleaf Axillarybud Magnified section of the shoot apical meristem

  7. Meristematic region Enlargement region Protoderm epidermis cortex Ground meristem pith phloem Procambium vascular cambium xylem

  8. Morphology of a Monocot Stem

  9. Intercalary Meristem • Occur only in monocot (particularly grass) stems at the base of nodes and leaf blades. • Capable of cell division and allow for rapid growth and regrowth of many monocots. • Leaf regrowth in grasses evolved in response to damage by grazing herbivores.

  10. Cross section of a monocot stem

  11. vascular bundle bundle sheath companion cell phloem sieve tube pitted vessel xylem annular vessel air space

  12. Cross section of a dicot stem (herbaceous)

  13. vascular bundle phloem fiber phloem parenchyma sieve tube companion cell vascular cambium tracheid vessel xylem parenchyma xylem fiber

  14. Vascular bundle of a dicot stem phloem vascular cambium interfascicular cambium fascicular cambium xylem

  15. Secondary Growth of Dicot Stems

  16. Woody dicot stem Periderm Primary phloem Secondary phloem Secondary xylem Primary xylem pith

  17. lenticels phellem phellogen phelloderm

  18. Woody Dicot Stem

  19. Bark Sapwood Annual rings Heartwood

  20. Modified Roots

  21. For Support Squash (Cucurbita sp.) Morning Glory (Ipomea sp.) Tendrils Twines

  22. For Support Hydrangea (Hydrangea petiolaris) Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea sp.) Clinging roots at the nodes Scramblers (Hooks)

  23. For Photosynthesis Mimosa (Acacia cyanophylla) Stick plant (Euphorbia tirucalli) Phylloclades – green, flattened, thin, leaf-like structures Green stem

  24. For Protection For Storage Onion (Allium cepa) Rose (Rosa sp.) Enlarged, thickened of fleshy subterranean stem Thorns

  25. For Reproduction Strawberry (Fragania sp.) Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) runners stolons

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