How can art be defined?

1. How can art be defined? Categories and Terms used in Art Art as a reflection of Society Art as Challenge to Society

2. Starter

3. Jackson Pollock- No. 5 1948 When do you think this was painted? Does it reflect society? How? Or is it challenging us? Is this a relevant image now?

4. Romeo and Juliet What effect do you think Shakespeare has had on the Arts? What themes does Shakespeare use that are relevant today? Are there any modern influential practitioners that could stand the test of time?

5. Compare these works of art…. ‘The Birth of Venus’ Botticelli c.1485 Statue of Alison Lapper Pregnant on the fourth plinth Trafalgar square by Marc Quinn

6. Discipline • A defined body of knowledge. • Art is often split into disciplines including: Painting, Sculpture, Printmaking, Architecture, Film, Music, Dance, Literature (Novels, Plays, Poetry), Drama.

7. Style The way in which a work of art is ‘done’: How it is made or performed; A way to classify art.

8. Creativity • The application of imagination and skill to bring into existence something which previously did not exist.

9. Artist • Can refer to a painter but is also a general word applied to someone who practices or performs in any of the artistic forms.

10. Form • The visible shape of a work as distinct from the content.

11. Innovation • A change in something already existing or the introduction of something new. • In the arts it refers to the development of new methods, techniques, materials or ideas. • The essential feature of innovation is that artists do something never done previously.

12. Genre • A term used for a style, type or category of art or literature

13. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

14. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines • Gothic (1100 – 1400)

15. Notre-Dame-de-Paris

16. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines • Gothic (1100 – 1400) • Renaissance (1400 – 1700)

17. The Birth of Venus by Botticelli

18. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines • Gothic (1100 – 1400) • Renaissance (1400 – 1700) • Baroque (1600 – 1750)

19. Judith Beheading Holoferne, by Caravaggio

20. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines • Gothic (1100 – 1400) • Renaissance (1400 – 1700) • Baroque (1600 – 1750) • Rococo (1720 – 1750)

21. The Bolt, by Fragonard

22. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines • Gothic (1100 – 1400) • Renaissance (1400 – 1700) • Baroque (1600 – 1750) • Rococo (1720 – 1750) • Romantic (1780 – 1900)

23. The Haywain, by Constable

24. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines • Gothic (1100 – 1400) • Renaissance (1400 – 1700) • Baroque (1600 – 1750) • Rococo (1720 – 1750) • Romantic (1780 – 1900) • Impressionism (1880 – 1920)

25. La Promenade by Monet

26. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines • Gothic (1100 – 1400) • Renaissance (1400 – 1700) • Baroque (1600 – 1750) • Rococo (1720 – 1750) • Romantic (1780 – 1900) • Impressionism (1880 – 1920) • Modern (1900 – 1950)

27. Head of Marie-Therese, by Picasso

28. Styles associated with a variety of disciplines • Gothic (1100 – 1400) • Renaissance (1400 – 1700) • Baroque (1600 – 1750) • Rococo (1720 – 1750) • Romantic (1780 – 1900) • Impressionism (1880 – 1920) • Modern (1900 – 1950) • Post Modern (after 1950)

29. Jackson Pollock No.1

30. Post Modern Art – Pop Art • Andy Warhol

31. Art Reflecting Society • Art is often influenced by current events: • Economic Conditions • Political Circumstances • Social conditions and groups • Fashion and popular taste • Key Events (War, Catastrophe, Revolution) • New Attributes in Society • Availability of New materials or technology

32. What is the reason for art? • Many possible, but reasons often include: • The result of creativity • An expression of the artists emotions or beliefs • Descriptive of experiences (of the artist or society at large) • A record of Events • An attempt to help society learn lessons from the past or a celebration of success • An attempt to influence or encourage change • Representation or Symbolic of an Idea • A way to challenge tradition • A means to earn a living

33. Art Challenging Society • Film, Music and Literature have often been art forms whose output have been used to challenge society. • Examples include:

34. 1984By George Orwell, 1948 1984 • Since its publication in 1949, many of its terms and concepts, such as Big Brother have become contemporary terms. • In addition, the novel popularized the adjective Orwellian which refers to lies, surveillance, or manipulation of the past in the service of a totalitarian agenda. • Totalitarianism is a political system where the state, usually under the power of a single political person

35. Cathy Come Home,directed by Ken Loach 1966

36. The Sex Pistols • 1977 single “God Save the Queen • Attacked Britons' social conformity and deference to the Crown • Precipitated the "last and greatest outbreak of pop-based moral pandemonium"