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The Structure of DNA

The Structure of DNA. DNA: The Genetic Material. The instructions for inherited traits are called genes DNA : primary material that causes recognizable, inheritable characteristics in related groups of organisms. Discovering DNA’s Structure. Griffith (1928)

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The Structure of DNA

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  1. The Structure of DNA

  2. DNA: The Genetic Material • The instructions for inherited traits are called genes • DNA: primary material that causes recognizable, inheritable characteristics in related groups of organisms

  3. Discovering DNA’s Structure • Griffith (1928) • Discovered that harmless bacteria could cause disease when they were mixed with killed disease-causing bacteria • Transformation

  4. Discovering DNA’s Structure • Avery (1940’s) • DNA is responsible for transformation in bacteria

  5. Discovering DNA’s Structure Hershey & Chase (1950’s) • Showed that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material in viruses

  6. Discovering DNA’s Structure • Chargaff (1949) showed the base pairs of DNA • Adenine with Thymine • Cytosine with Guanine

  7. Discovering DNA’s Structure • Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins (1950’s) used x-ray diffraction to determine the structure of DNA • Images suggested DNA resembled a tightly coiled helix composed of two chains of nucleotides

  8. Discovering DNA’s Structure • Watson and Crick (1950’s) constructed a 3D model of DNA • Using information from past experimentsdetermined the DNA was a double helix • Won Nobel Prize in 1962

  9. The Shape of DNA • A DNA molecule looks like a spiral staircase • Composed of two parallel strands of linked subunits called nucleotides

  10. The Shape of DNA • A nucleotide has 3 parts: phosphate group, sugar (deoxyribose), and a base • The phosphate and sugar link together to form the back bone • The bases pair together to connect the two strands

  11. Base Pairs

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