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Romanian Regulatory Framework for Nuclear Facilities and Activities.

National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control CNCAN. Romanian Regulatory Framework for Nuclear Facilities and Activities. CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania - Overview -. Regulated Facilities. Nuclear Power Plants. Regulated Facilities. Research Reactors.

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Romanian Regulatory Framework for Nuclear Facilities and Activities.

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  1. National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control CNCAN Romanian Regulatory Framework for Nuclear Facilities and Activities. CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania - Overview -

  2. Regulated Facilities

  3. Nuclear Power Plants Regulated Facilities

  4. Research Reactors Regulated Facilities 14 MWt TRIGA - type Material Testing Reactor of the Pitesti Branch for Nuclear Research (operational, commissioned in 1979, Gulf General Atomics design, pool type, steady state active zone - 14 MW(th), pulse active zone - up to 20.000 MW(th)/pulse; Converted from HEU to LEU and modernized) 2 MWt VVR-S type research reactor of the Bucharest-Magurele National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (Commissioned in 1957, Old Russian design, Loop type, Power- 2 MW(th), Defuelled, Under decommissioning)

  5. Regulated Facilities • Other major regulated facilities in Romania include: • Facilities for uranium ore mining, milling and processing; • Nuclear Fuel (CANDU type) Production Plant; • Heavy Water Production Plant; • Radioactive Waste Management Facilities

  6. Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process • Main Romanian Laws governing the safety of nuclear installations: • Law no. 111/1996 on the Safe Deployment, Regulation, Licensing and Control of Nuclear Activities, republished in the Official Gazette no. 552/27.06.2006 • Law no. 703/2001 on the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage, published in Official Gazette, no. 818/19.12.2001 • The complete list of laws and regulations related to the safety of nuclear installations and activities is provided on CNCAN website: • http://www.cncan.ro/legislatie/

  7. Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process • The current licensing practice is based on the provisions of the Law no. 111/1996 and of the regulations issued by CNCAN. • The detailed regulatory requirements, as well as the assessment and inspection criteria used by CNCAN in the licensing process are derived from a number of sources, such as: • Romanian regulations (CNCAN Norms); • Limits and Conditions specified in the different licenses; • IAEA Safety Standards and Guides; • WENRA Reference Levels • ICRP recommendations; • Regulatory documents developed by CNSC and US NRC; • Applicable Standards and Codes (CSA, ANSI, ASME, IEEE, etc.); • Safety related documentation produced by the licensee and approved or accepted by CNCAN (e.g. Safety Analysis Reports, Safety Design Guides, Design Manuals, reference documents, station instructions, operating manuals, technical basis documents, etc.)

  8. Law Regulatory requirements, criteria and conditions Regulations, Standards and Codes Regulatory letters + licensee’s documents previously approved by CNCAN (such as Safety Analysis Reports, Management Manuals, etc.) CNCAN dispositions and actions stated in the inspection reports + licensee’s procedures previously approved by CNCAN (such as reference documents, station instructions, etc.) Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process Regulatory documents containing requirements used by CNCAN in the licensing process

  9. Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process Stages of the licensing process for a nuclear installation, as stated in the Law, include: • design; • siting; • construction; • commissioning; • trial operation; • operation; • repair and/or maintenance (as major refurbishment); • modification (as major upgrades); • preservation; • decommissioning. • For a license at each of these stages, the qualified applicant shall demonstrate the safety of the nuclear installation, according with the CNCAN requirements (Romanian regulations, recommended standards and codes, specific regulatory requirements by letters, etc)

  10. Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process • According to the Law, a license for the quality management system has to be obtained from CNCAN, as pre-condition for the issuance of the design/ siting/ construction / commissioning / operation / decommissioning license. • The licensing of the quality management systems is applied not only to the operators of nuclear installations but also to the suppliers of products and services for the nuclear installations. • The installations or activities for which a license has been granted are not transferable. • The main responsibilities of the license holder are stated in Chapter III of the Law and are further detailed in the specific regulations issued by CNCAN and in the conditions attached to each license.

  11. Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process CNCAN Regulations on Quality Management Systems for Nuclear Facilities and Activities Licensing Requirements • Siting • Design • Procurement • Construction–Installation • Commissioning • Research & Development • Manufacturing of Goods & Services • Operation • Decommissioning • Software for Use in Nuclear Field http://www.cncan.ro/legislatie/norme/norme-de-managementul-calitatii-in-domeniul-nuclear/

  12. Nuclear Safety Regulations • The newest CNCAN regulations related to the licensing of the Nuclear Power Plants are: • Nuclear Safety Requirements on Siting of Nuclear Power Plants (2010); • Nuclear Safety Requirements on Design and Construction of Nuclear Power Plants (2010). • These regulations were aimed at endorsing more of the IAEA requirements, in addition to those which served as basis for the reference levels of WENRA. • These regulations include requirements on severe accidents analysis and design provisions for severe accident management. • A regulation containing requirements on the commissioning and operation of NPPs is planned to be finalized this year, taking account and making use of the requirements in IAEA NS-R-2. • The revision of the regulatory framework to take account of the lessons learned after the Fukushima accident includes the elaboration of a new regulation on accident management (including severe accident management) and emergency preparedness. Currently, this regulation is in process of external consultation with the stakeholders.

  13. Quantitative safety goals for new NPPs in Romania • Since December 2010 new safety goals were established for new NPPs in Romania regulation on Nuclear Safety Requirements on Design and Construction of Nuclear Power Plants, NSN-02; • Quantitative safety goals established in NSN-02 have the aim to limit the radiologic risk due to potential exposures. These goals have to be considered in the new NPPs design bases. • Since it is for the first time when quantitative safety objectives for design basis accidents are formalized in the national regulatory framework, these are going to be used on a trial basis and strict compliance with the numerical targets is not mandatory. • However, the license applicants will have to demonstrate that they have taken all reasonably practicable measures to achieve the safety level implied by these quantitative objectives. • All differences between the new project and the requirements from NSR-2 must be justified, discussed with the regulatory body and solutions agreed.

  14. Quantitative safety goals for new NPPs in Romania (cont’d 1) Quantitative nuclear safety objectives for the design of the protective safety systems (design basis quantitative objectives)

  15. Quantitative safety goals for new NPPs in Romania (cont’d 2) Quantitative nuclear safety objectives for the verification of the design as a whole (quantitative risk objectives)

  16. ALFRED Project in Romania • ALFRED - (Advanced Lead Fast Reactor European Demonstrator) ROMANIA involvement in ALFRED project, the main mailstones: • Nuclear Research Institute from Pitesti (SCN), Romania, involved in this project • 3 February 2011 –Government of Romania approved a Memorandum of MECMA (The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Business Environment) related to the disposition of ALFRED in Romania • September 2011 –Meeting MECMA-SCN-Ansaldo-ENES (Genova). Agreement regarding the MoU; • February 2012 – MoU subscription and start of activities. • AFFRED project in Romania – sustained by the Romanian Prime-Minister (International Conference NUCLEAR 2012, May 2012, Pitesti, Romania). • 14 May 2012 –SCN asks first time to CNCAN (the Romanian Regulatory Authority) to have a meeting related to ALFRED project • On 5 June 2012, a team of CNCAN representatives, including the CNCAN President and the Director of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Division went to SCN headquarter for a complex meeting related to ALFRED

  17. ALFRED Parameters (INR presentation)

  18. CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania • On 5 June 2012, a team of 10 CNCAN representatives, including the CNCAN President and the Director of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Division went to SCN headquarter for a complex meeting related to ALFRED • SCN management and technical staff involved in ALFRED project participated in this meeting; • The main purposes of the meeting was to have preliminary discussions regarding the licensing process of the demonstrative reactor ALFRED in Romania and the establishing of a roadmap and the necessary resources for the development of the licensing activities during 2013-2025. • SCN presented to the CNCAN representatives a short history of the development of the Generation IV reactors, the ALFRED project and also the main steps performed up to that moment for this project and also the SCN involvement in. • There were highlighted mainly those characteristics of nuclear safety important in a licensing process • A Minute of Meeting has been prepared and the following were established:

  19. CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania • CNCAN representatives presented shortly to the SCN staff the licensing process of a nuclear installation and acknowledge the SCN staff on the following aspects: • ALFRED will be treated as a nuclear installation and the requirements established for Nuclear Power Plants in NSN-1 and NSN-2 will be applicable for it. Any exception shall be justified and agreed by CNCAN. • It is very important and time-consuming to obtain an environmental license (issued by the Ministry of Environment); • CNCAN has a good experience in the licensing of research reactors and power reactors but only for “proven technologies”. Taking into account that ALFRED is a new type of reactor, a demonstrative project, the licensing process will require a very good demonstration of the safety of this reactor. Independent analyses (from those performed by the developer) will be required to be performed by recognized, qualified organizations in order to prove the project can be operated in safe conditions; • Discussions revealed the need of a pro-active attitude from SCN and CNCAN (and the other stakeholders) and a work -team

  20. CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania • The European Union opinion related to the application of requirements of art. 37. of the EURATOM Treaty shall be required as soon as possible, at least 6 months before the planned date for the commissioning, the releasing of this opinion implying a study of impact on the neighboring countries in case of normal operation of the nuclear installation and under accident conditions, including severe accidents which can affect that installation. • The articles of the Aarhus Conventions, related to the participation of the public to the decision process, have to be observed, as well as the statements of Espoo Convention. • It is necessary to identify the project manager, the owner of the nuclear installation, the operator, in order to identify the responsibilities of each part, including the liability, as soon as possible. According to the Romanian low (Low 111/1996, art. 8 para. (6)), the licenses are required by the owner of the installation. • A very important aspect is that one related to the quality management system and the qualification of the personnel involved in activities of research, licensing, construction, commissioning, operating and maintenance, on the entire development of the project.

  21. CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania • Taking into account that the project is a new one, one important problem is related to the applicable standards and codes. The list of applicable regulations, standards and codes has to be agreed by CNCAN. • It was mentioned that the decommissioning activities that should be considered from the beginning, can possible determine the necessity of a larger area for the site of the nuclear installation (for waste treatment, waste conditioning and intermediate storage, including from the decommissioning, intermediate spent fuel storage, etc. ). • The costs and activities related to the waste and spent-fuel management and to the decommissioning shall be considered in details from the beginning. • It was specified that the costs related to the liability Insurance have to be also considered, mainly taking into account that they are bigger ALFRED being an experimental reactor, • It was mentioned that the responsibilities related to the costs resulted from a severe accident have to be established. • It is necessary to have at least an emergency response center on site;

  22. CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania • Related to the nuclear safety analyses required for the licensing purpose: • The siting of ALFREDwill be chosen so that the requirements of the CNCAN norm NSN-1 to be fulfilled; • The acceptance criteria established by the Romanian regulations for NPPs are applicable for ALFRED (licensing for design and construction, NSN-2) ; • The design of ALFRED will consider the requirements of NSN-2 related to the redundancy of the systems withsafety functions (two independent shutdown systems); • The requirements related to the qualification of the computer codes (validation, verification) have to be respected, even if ALFRED is a new project and may be it will be difficult to find computer code able to adequate simulate the core or the plant systems; • Initiating events and events combinations which can affect the installation, but also the spent fuel storage, have to be considered. They must fulfill the dose requirements, according to their class (based on frequency of occurrence), as it is indicated in the CNCAN norm NSN-2;

  23. CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania • Related to the nuclear safety analyses required for the licensing purpose: • Related to the nuclear safety analyses required for the licensing purpose: • Safety analyses performed for ALFRED will be independently verified; • The hazard analysis shall further include the chemical hazard and the risk posed for the personnel and the public, taking into account the use of the molten lead for the reactor cooling; • Criteria for the acceptance by the CNCAN of the project modifications shall be considered from the beginning (when the design bases are established); • The licensing of the ALFRED reactor by CNCAN requires a generic detailed project, sustained by deterministic and probabilistic analyses. There are necessary also feasibility studies for ALFRED reactor site (the site water cooling sources have to be also considered); • In order to sustain in good conditions the licensing process related to ALFRED project, CNCAN needs human resources, financial resources, specific training for the personnel involved in this process. All these aspects can be solved only at the governmental level.

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