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SINGLE ROW FUNCTIONS

SINGLE ROW FUNCTIONS. 1. CHARACTER MANIPULATION. Prof. Carmen Popescu Oracle Academy Lead Adjunct. Concatenation. str1 || str2 CONCAT(str1,str2) To concatenate more that 2 strings: Str1 || str2 || str4 CONCAT(str1,CONCAT(str2,str3)). RPAD, LPAD. RPAD(string,length,['set'])

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SINGLE ROW FUNCTIONS

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  1. SINGLE ROW FUNCTIONS 1. CHARACTER MANIPULATION Prof. Carmen Popescu Oracle Academy Lead Adjunct

  2. Concatenation • str1 || str2 • CONCAT(str1,str2) • To concatenate more that 2 strings: • Str1 || str2 || str4 • CONCAT(str1,CONCAT(str2,str3))

  3. RPAD, LPAD • RPAD(string,length,['set']) • LPAD(string,length,['set']) If 'set' does not appear the string will be padded with spaces.

  4. RPAD, LPAD Examples SELECT RPAD('ab',10,'<>') FROM DUAL => ab<><><><> SELECT LPAD('xyz',15,'*') FROM DUAL • ************xyz

  5. RPAD, LPAD Examples SELECT LPAD(RPAD('abc',8,'='),13,'=') FROM DUAL => =====abc===== SELECT LPAD(RPAD('abc',8,'='),13,'=') FROM DUAL => =====abc===== SELECT LPAD(RPAD('abc',8,'='),13,'=') FROM DUAL => =====abc=====

  6. LTRIM, RTRIM • Trim off unwanted characters from the left (LTRIM), right (RTRIM) • LTRIM(string,[’set’]) • LTRIM(string,[’set’]) • Set is the collection of characters you want to trim off. If no set is specified, the function trim off spaces.

  7. LTRIM, RTRIM Examples SELECT LTRIM('**==**abc**==**','*') FROM DUAL => ==**abc**==** SELECT RTRIM('**==**abc**==**','*') FROM DUAL => **==**abc**==

  8. TRIM • trim ( [leading|trailing|both  ['set'] FROM] s1)   • Trim off set from the beginning, the end or both of the string s1 • both option is Implicit • If no set is specified, the function trim off spaces.

  9. TRIM Examples SELECT TRIM(leading 'ab' from 'ababbabbabab') FROM DUAL => babababab

  10. TRIM Examples SELECT TRIM(trailing 'ab' from 'ababbabbabab') FROM DUAL => ababbabb

  11. TRIM Examples SELECT TRIM('ab' from 'ababbabbabab') FROM DUAL => babb

  12. LOWER, UPPER, INITCAP • UPPER(string) • LOWER(string) • INITCAP(string)

  13. LOWER, UPPER, INITCAP SELECT UPPER('aBcD'), LOWER('aBcD'), INITCAP('aBcD') FROM DUAL SELECT UPPER('aBcD'), LOWER('aBcD'), INITCAP('aBcD') FROM DUAL => ABCD SELECT UPPER('aBcD'), LOWER('aBcD'), INITCAP('aBcD') FROM DUAL => ABCD abcd SELECT UPPER('aBcD'), LOWER('aBcD'), INITCAP('aBcD') FROM DUAL => ABCD abcd Abcd

  14. LENGTH SELECT LENGTH('abc') FROM DUAL => 3

  15. SUBSTR SUBSTR(string,start[,count]) - If no count is specified, the function return the substring starting at position start and going to the end of the string. SELECT SUBSTR('abcdefghi',5,2) FROM DUAL • ef SELECT SUBSTR('abcdefghi',5) FROM DUAL • efghi

  16. INSTR INSTR(string,substring[,start[,n]]) • Search for the n-th occurrence of the substring in the string, starting with the start position • If the start position is not mention the function will look for the substring starting at position 1. • If n is not mention the function will look for the first occurrence of the substring in the string

  17. INSTR examples SELECT INSTR('xyzabcxabcxabcxyz','abc') from dual • 4 SELECT INSTR('xyzabcxabcxabcxyz','abc',6) from dual • 8 SELECT INSTR('xyzabcxabcxabcxyz','abc',1,2) from dual • 8 SELECT INSTR('xyzabcxabcxabcxyz','abc',5,2) from dual • 12

  18. SUBSTR, INSTR Together SELECT Author, SUBSTR(Author, INSTR(Author,',')+2 ) || ' ' || SUBSTR(Author,1, INSTR(Author,',')-1 ) FROM Magazine Results: Eminescu, MihaiMihaiEminescu Creanga, IonIonCreanga Cosbuc, GeorgeGeorgeCosbuc

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