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Mammalogy (Fall 2012 Althoff - reference FDVM Chapter 10)

Mammalogy (Fall 2012 Althoff - reference FDVM Chapter 10). LEC 08B. Reproduction - Again A closer “real” look at : __________________ _______________ within an ovary ___________________ in the uterus ___________________ w ithin an ovary __________________ left in uterus.

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Mammalogy (Fall 2012 Althoff - reference FDVM Chapter 10)

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  1. Mammalogy (Fall 2012 Althoff - reference FDVM Chapter 10) LEC 08B Reproduction - Again A closer “real” look at:_________________________________ within an ovary___________________ in the uterus___________________within an ovary__________________ left in uterus

  2. Possible additional role of placenta • Most emerging research on this comes from study of humans and genetically-engineered mice. Using both blood and spinal fluid from human babies to compare hormone profiles between premature and full-term human babies. • Important for _____________________ • Two key hormones identified so far: a) ___________—helps nerve cells to grow… so impact is beyond maintaining endometrium b) ___________—protects fetal neurons from becoming overexcited and dying…so impact is beyond contracting uterus & milk letdown

  3. Primordial follicle = “not yet spent”, in state of dormancy Atretic follicles = never will mature Mature follicles = ready to “erupt” Secondary & tertiary follicles: “between “primordial & mature”

  4. Primordial follicles

  5. Graffian follicle – close to “release”

  6. Ovary with “release” site – will become ______________

  7. Ovary with corpus luteum

  8. Ovary with corpus lutea (plural; _________ is corpus luteum)

  9. Ovary with corpus lutea (plural; singular is corpus luteum)

  10. Corpora lutea & Corpora _______ Buss and Smith (1966) - Elephant CL and CR Journal of Wildlife Management 30:375-388

  11. Positioning of “implanted” embryos that become fetuses. “Implanted” = __________ __________ __________ __________

  12. Site where placenta – fetus were “connected”… area heavily pigmented, resulting in ______________________

  13. View before horns “opened” ovaries left side right side cervix

  14. View after horns “opened” ovaries left side right side cervix

  15. IUP Hypothesis • IUP = __________________________ • Determined to affect a variety of behavior patterns in female rodents and suspected for non-rodent species that have litter sizes >3 • IUP involves the location of a fetus of one sex with respect to its littermates • Key results: amount of exposure to ______________________________ ______________________________

  16. __________ = no males either side of her __________= 1 males on one side of her _________ = males on each side of her

  17. OF male OF male 1F male 2F male 2F male 1F male

  18. IUP Hypothesis…effects • Females exposed to more pre-natal testosterone may ___________________ _________ than littermates receiving it • Females more _________________ as littermates including post-weaning • Female (gerbils) shown to produce more male offspring if 2M females vs. 1M- or 0M-females…2F females produce more female-biased sex ratios vs. 2M females

  19. Carlson N., editor. 1998. ed. Physiology of Behavior. 6th edition Allyn and Bacon, Boston, Massachusetts

  20. Number of blood vessels to individual fetuses _________overall _________ at birth Argente et al. 2003. Journal of Animal Science 81:265-273.

  21. In summary… • Look for “evidence” of reproductive activity in the _________ • Look for CL (or CR) for evidence of near-full or full-term pregnancies in the _________ • Look for _______________ for evidence of near full-term or full-term individual fetuses • ________________, relative to sex of adjacent fetuses, may affect development and aggressive behavior of females post-partum • _____________________ at/near a implantation site (of a fetus) can result in increased birth weight for that individual.

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