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Ku San!

Ku San!. Do Now: Answer the the Q  Agenda: Databases HW: find an interesting article that uses on of the databases Write a summary of the article and how the database was used. Forensic Databases. Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS)

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Ku San!

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  1. Ku San! • Do Now: • Answer the the Q  • Agenda: • Databases • HW: • find an interesting article that uses on of the databases • Write a summary of the article and how the database was used

  2. Forensic Databases • Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS) • Fingerprint and criminal history system for 50 million subjects • Operational since 1999. Maintained by the FBI • An examiner makes a digital image of the print with a camera or scanner, marks points on the print to guide the computerized search. Search is completed within minutes against all images in IAFIS

  3. CODIS • Combined DNA Index System • Became fully operational in 1998; maintained by the FBI • All 50 states have legislated that DNA profiles of those convicted of felony sexual offenses be stored in database.

  4. CODIS • Forensic Index contains 110,000 DNA profiles from unsolved crimes • Offender Index contains profiles of nearly 3 million convicted offenders • Hundreds of thousands are backlogged • Success in identifying perpetrators is due to the fact that most crimes involving biological evidence are committed by repeat offenders

  5. NIBIN • National Integrated Ballistics Information network • Maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives • Images of bullets and cartridge casings • Helps produce a short list of candidates for a firearms examiner to manaully compare • More that 10,000 “hits” have been recorded

  6. PDQ • International Forensic Automotive Paint Data Query • Maintained by Royal Canadian Mounted Police • Contains chemical and color information pertaining to original automotive paints

  7. Glass Evidence Database • contains more than 700 glass samples • from manufacturers, disrtibutors, and vehicle junkyards • cannot determine the source of an unknown piece of glass • can assess the relative frequency that two glass samples from different sources would have the same elemental profile • Uses plasma mass specs

  8. TreadMark and SoleMate • TreadMark • commercial product that uses four parameters—pattern, size, damage, and wear • compared to suspects in custody and crime scenes • SoleMate • contains manufacturer, date of market release, an image or offset print of the sole, and pictorial images of the uppers

  9. TreadMate • Contains more than 5,000 vehicle tires and tread patterns • manufacturer, date of release, pictorial image, pattern features • code for patterns: • waves, lines, diamonds, zigzags, curves, and blocks

  10. FISH • Forensic Information System for Handwriting • Maintained by the U.S. Secret Service • enables document examiners to scan and digitize text writings • such as threatening correspondence • plotted as arithimatic and geometric values

  11. International Ink Library • Maintained bu the U.S. Secret Service and the IRS • includes more than 9,500 inks dating back from the 1920’s • pen and ink manufacturers are asked to sumbit their new ink formulations • chemically tested and added to the reference collection

  12. Drug Databases • Indent-A-Drug • private company • publishes a book and computer program to help identify drugs in tablet or capsule form • PharmInfoNet • contains information on prescription druges, included uses, marketing and availability, and common side effects • RxList • database of prescription drugs like PharmINfoNet

  13. Ignitable Liquids Reference Collection (ILRC) • allows a laboratory to isolate an ignitable liquid of interest • designed for screening purposes only • does not replace American Standard Testing Materials • enter name of the liquid and can search the database

  14. ChemFinder • conatins information from manufacturers on chemicals • chemical structures • physcial properties • hyperlinks

  15. SICAR • Shoeprint Image Capture and Retrieval • Commercially available – not controlled by a government agency. • Helps match crime-scene foot ware impression with a particular shoe manufacturer.

  16. Crime Scene Reconstruction • Initial Walk-through done to formulate how the scene should be processed • The investigator unravels the sequence of events that took place during the crime • Often involves a medical examiner or criminalist • Team effort may involve blood spatter analysis, bullet trajectory analysis, an evaluation of livor mortis, etc.

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