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The End of Reconstruction: Resistance and the Election of 1876

This text discusses the forms of resistance to racial equality during Reconstruction, including the rise of the Ku Klux Klan and the violence directed towards African Americans. It also explores the Election of 1876 and the Compromise of 1877, which marked the official end of Reconstruction.

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The End of Reconstruction: Resistance and the Election of 1876

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  1. QOTD • Presidential Reconstruction aimed to pardon anyone in the former Confederate States who would a) accept the citizenship of former slaves. b) swear an oath of loyalty to the United States. c) were never members of Confederate government. d) ratify the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments.

  2. QOTD • Presidential Reconstruction aimed to pardon anyone in the former Confederate States who would b) swear an oath of loyalty to the United States.

  3. Today’s Standard • SSUSH10 • Explain forms of resistance to racial equality during Reconstruction; the Election of 1876

  4. The End of Reconstruction 1870 - 1877

  5. President Grant’s 2nd Term • Grant continues Reconstruction after Johnson’s failed attempts • However the South’s reaction is violent • Greed and poor government caused white voters to get weary of Reconstruction policies • 1) African-Americans are free but still oppressed in the South

  6. Spreading Terror in the South • 1866 • 2) Nathan Bedford Forrest • The Ku Klux Klan • Pulaski, Tennessee • Wore masks and robes; pretended to be ghosts of Confederate soldiers • Committed acts of hate, terrorism, violence, and murder • Opposed Reconstruction and civil rights for African-Americans

  7. Tactics of the KKK • 3) A) They murdered or attacked white and black Republican leaders • B) Assaulted and killed successful African-Americans • C) Burned homes, schools, and churches of blacks and whites who supported Reconstruction.

  8. Grant and Congress React • 4) The Enforcement Acts • They were passed to stop the KKK and southern white resistance to Reconstruction • Passed in 1870-1871

  9. The Panic of 1873 • As the still divided U.S. tries to move forward, a massive depression hits • 5) The Panic of 1873 • Despite the attempts by the Radical Republicans to restore order and extend rights, they are blamed for the Panic • 6) 1874 – Democrats gain control of the House of Representatives • 7) Congress passes the Civil Rights Act of 1875 • Prohibiting businesses from discriminating against blacks • But the terrorist acts continue

  10. The Election of 1876 • Grant retires after 2 terms • 1) The Election of 1876 • Democrats nominate Samuel Tilden • Republicans nominate Rutherford B. Hayes • Tilden wins popular vote with solid support from the South • 2) Electoral College is too close to call • A deal between the Republicans and Democrats is needed • 3) Compromise of 1877

  11. The Compromise of 1877 • The deal: • 4) a) Hayes will be the 19th President of the U.S. – the Republicans get their way BUT • b) Hayes must remove ALL federal troops from the South – the Democrats get their way • Hayes must also give support to help rebuild southern railroads and levees on the Mississippi River. • Reconstruction is officially over • The problem – issues of social equality are never solved.

  12. Unit 4 Study Guides • 1) Sectionalism Intensifies • 2) Mexican War / Compromise of 1850 • 3) Compromise Fails / Southern Secession • 4) Civil War Begins • 5) Bull Run to Antietam • 6) Gettysburg & the End of the War • 7) Reconstruction Part I • 8) Reconstruction Part II

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