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2. Graphs & Curves Economic Policies Unempl-oyment GDP Key Terms Misc. $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500

3. - $100 What graph is represented on the right? C1-$100 What is PPC graph?

4. - $200 What is the point on the graph on the right called? C1-$200 What is equilibrium point (on Demand and Supply Model)?

5. - $300 What does the graph on the right represent? C1-$300 What is GDP graph?

6. - $400 What gap is shown on the graph on the right? C1-$400 What is recessionary gap?

7. - $500 What cycle is being shown on the right? C1-$500 What is Business Cycle?

8. - $100 The use of taxes, government transfers, or government purchases of goods and services to stabilize the economy. C2-$100 What is fiscal policy?

9. - $200 Is the central bank’s use of changes in the quantity of money or the interest rate to stabilize the economy. C2-$200 What is monetary policy?

10. - $300 The government has two tools for regulating this policy: a change in government spending or changes in taxes. The government can also use both if it thinks the economy needs it. What tools are these for? C2-$300 What are tools for regulating fiscal policy?

11. - $400 If the government were to finance a deficit by entering the money market and borrow money, it would make less room for investment, since as the government’s share grows, everyone else’s becomes smaller. Then, investment spending decreases, causing aggregate expenditures to not increase as much. What is this effect called? C2-$400 What is Crowding Out Effect?

12. - $500 Easy money policy → decreased foreign demand for dollars → dollar depreciates → net exports increase (AD increases, strengthening the easy money policy) Tight money policy → increased foreign demand for dollars → dollar appreciates → net exports decrease (aggregate demand decreases, strengthening the tight money policy) C2-$500 What is net export effect?

13. - $100 Is the percentage of the total number of people in the labor force who are unemployed. Only includes those that are actively looking for work but cannot find a job. C3-$100 What is unemployment rate?

14. - $200 Unemployment due to the time workers spend in job search (searching or waiting for jobs…recent college graduates). C3-$200 What is frictional unemployment?

15. - $300 Is the deviation of the actual rate of an unemployment from the natural rate (due to recession). C3-$300 What is cyclical unemployment?

16. - $400 Type of frictional unemployment that results when there are more people seeking jobs in a labor market than there are jobs available at the current wage rate (often due to creative destruction…new skills have made old skills outmoded) C3-$400 What is structural unemployment?

17. - $500 The unemployment rate that arises from the effects of frictional plus structural unemployment. AKA full employment C3-$500 What is natural rate of unemployment?

18. - $100 The total value of all final goods and services provided in the economy during a given year. C4-$100 What is Gross Domestic Product or GDP?

19. - $200 The total value of all final goods and services produced in the economy during a given year, calculated using the prices of a selected base year. C4-200 What is real GDP?

20. - $300 Measures the cost of purchasing a given market basket in a given year. The index value is normalized so that it is equal to 100 in the selected base year. C4-$300 What is Price Index?

21. - $400 The GDP growth rate is calculated with the formula: Growth Rate= GDPnew – GDPold x 100 GDPold C4-$400 What is GDP growth?

22. - $500 For a given year is 100 times the ration of nominal GDP to real GDP in that year. C4-$500 What is GDP deflator?

23. - $100 Resources (anything that can be used to produce something else) are not unlimited and are not available in sufficient quantities to satisfy all the various ways a society wants to use them. C5-$100 What is scarce/scarcity?

24. - $200 The real cost of an item, what you must give up in order to get it. C5-$200 What is opportunity cost?

25. - $300 Branch of economic analysis that describes the way the economy actually works, fact based statements. Ex: unemployment is at 8% C5-$300 What is Positive Economics?

26. - $400 The higher the price for a good or service, all other things being equal, leads suppliers to supply a greater quantity of that good or service. Illustrated as a direct or positive relationship. C5-$400 What is Law of Supply?

27. - $500 An economic system based on supply & demand with little or no government control. Buyers and sellers are allowed to transact freely based on mutual agreement. C5-$500 What is Free Market Economics?

28. - $100 A hypothetical set of consumer purchases of goods and services. C6-$100 What is market basket?

29. - $200 An individual or country is able to produce MORE total outputs of a good or service with a given amount of time or resources. C6-$200 What is absolute advantage?

30. - $300 Their theory is that when the economy occasionally diverges from its full-employment output, internal mechanisms within the economy automatically move it back to that output. In their opinion, if a change in AD moves the equilibrium outside of ASLR, there will be a change in AS that will bring it back. C6-$300 What is the “New” Classical Theory of Economics?

31. - $400 The higher the price for a good or service, all other things being equal, leads people to demand a smaller quantity of that good or service. Illustrated as an inverse or negative relationship. C6-$400 What is Law of Demand?

32. - $500 1 Tastes and Preferences 2 Number of Consumers 3 Price of Related Goods 4 Income 5 Future Expectations Changes in PRICE do not shift the curve. It only causes movement along the curve. C6-$500 What are Shifters of Demand (changes)?