NDUM: Charting A Professional Military Education

1. NDUM: Charting AProfessional Military Education Deputy Vice Chancellor Academic and international affairs National Defence University of Malaysia TENGKU MOHD T. SEMBOK B.Sc.(Brighton), MS(Iowa), PhD(Glasgow)

2. Army Institution "The Army is the most outstanding institution in every country, for it alone makes possible the existence of all civic institutions“ - Field Marshal Helmut Graf von Moltke (1800-1891)

3. Army Institution "It is the soldier, not the reporter, Who has given us freedom of the press.It is the soldier, not the poet, Who has given us freedom of speech.It is the soldier, not the organizer, Who has given us the freedom to demonstrate.It is the soldier, Who salutes the flag, Who serves beneath the flag,And whose coffin is draped by the flag, Who allows the protestor to burn the flag.”   - Charles M. Province

4. Rethinking in Professional Military Education “Military officer education is inadequate. The Department of Defense must restructure it to emphasize a broad range of graduate education opportunities early in an officer's career.” (Carafano & Kochems , 2005)

5. Strategic Survey 2007: Uncertainty Scenario • The world in 2008 will be consumed by : • Politics of parochialism – sectarian rivalries and religious disputes . • Balance-of-power politics – alliance politics and arms races… role, • status, alliance, deterrence, containment in the process of • renegotiation. • “Non-polar world”: allows aggressive non-state actors to advance their • particularist strategic struggles. • Managing nuclear proliferation and terrorism will remain the • priorities. • Changes and uncertainty in world leadership.

6. 20th Century: Fighting Known Enemy • Most of military training colleges concentrate on: • Certain skills and knowledge required to fight known enemy. • Since the end of Cold War military education offered scant preparation for postwar challenges. • Operation for peace keeping, peacemaking, post-conflict operation. • Diplomatic negotiation and solution. • Rebuilding of a nation after conflict. • Disaster and calamity operations. • Etc.

7. 21st Century: Additional Military Competency • Responding to conventional military threats. • Meeting “irregular” challenges, such as terrorism and insurgent campaigns. • Combating catastrophic dangers, such as WMD. • Countering “disruptive threats” from military competitors who develop unexpected capabilities. • Peace keeping and peace making strategy: Politics of sectarian and religious disputes • Disaster and Calamity management and operation due to Climate Changes: • Knowledge management for Uncertainties in decision making and management. • Strategic contingency planning in non-polar world & uncertainty in leaderships.

8. Reform Required to Manage Uncertainty • Thinking skills: problem solving, analysis, synthesis, planning, implementation, sustenance. • Language training to negotiation skills. • Advance scientific and engineering training at graduate and post graduate level. • Military and International Laws. • Geography, History, Politics, Culture and Civilizations: ready for uncertainty any where any time. • Moral, ethical and legal acculturation, internalization & externalization: the art of war and the art of liberty, a gentleman and an officer, and also an intellectual.

9. Reform Required to Manage Uncertainty • 21th Century expects every officer to operate in an increasingly complex environment. • Thinking skills are the best preparation for complexity, ambiguity and uncertainty – skills at graduate level. • Professional education requirement should be the same for active and reserve officers. • “Those who love peace must prepare for war.”: You want peace , you must be strong to defense yourself.

10. When knowledge and skills be taught? • Mould them when they are young – before 30 years old. • When education will have its greatest impact. • Early education will prepare them for life-long learning: for professional self study later in career. “First love dies hard”: so does love for learning.

11. Mind run the body • "If you are going to win any battle, you have to do one thing. You have to make the mind run the body. Never let the body tell the mind what to do... the body is never tired if the mind is not tired.“ -General George S. Patton

12. Sun Tzu, The Art of War • To fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting. • In the practical art of war, the best thing of all is to take the enemy's country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is not so good. So, too, it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it.

13. Where should they be taught? NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY of MALAYSIA(NDUM)KEM SUNGAI BESIKUALA LUMPUR

14. NDUM MODEL: Professional Military Education & Training OUTSTANDING YOUNG MAN/LADY: “MOULD WHEN THEY ARE YOUNG” CADETS CIVILIANS THINKING SKILLS KNOWLEDGE IN PHILOSOPHY ARTS, SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY LANGUAGE SKILLS WORLD OF UNCERTAINTIES AND CONFLICTS KNOWLEDGE IN GEO., HISTORY, POLITICS, & CULTURES MILITARY COMPETENCY MORAL, ETHICS & LEGAL VALUES Scholarly Excellence and Militarily Competence: Future Leaders K-FORCE: Active Services M-PROFESSIONAL: Reserve Unit LOCAL & GLOBAL PEACE & PROSPERITY

15. BACKGROUND • NDUM is the successor institution that replaced Malaysian Armed Forces Academy (ATMA) which was established in 1995. • ATMA conducted undergraduate twinning program with University Technology of Malaysia (UTM). • MINDEF and Ministry of Higher Education agreed to upgrade ATMA to NDUM in November 2006. • The establishment of the University is basically to meet the manpower needs of MINDEF in accordance with their mission to have a K-Force.

16. NDUM PHILOSOPHY The premier national institution dedicated to produce prominent intellectual leaders of character committed towards selfless service to the nation in furtherance of national strategic interests.

17. MISSION STATEMENT To educate and inspire future leaders in the pursuit and attainment of scholarly excellence and military competence.

18. SINERGY OF TWO MINISTRIES Ministry of Higher Education Ministry of Defence NDUM FACULTIES & CENTRES OF EXCELLENCE MILITARY TRAINING ACADEMY

19. OBJECTIVES To provide a strong and balanced foundation of knowledge in Humanities, Management, Science and Technology as well as inculcate intellectual enterprise through teaching, learning, scholarly research and academic services of international standing. To instill loyalty and patriotism for selfless service to the nation by providing knowledge, skills and competencies in military fundamentals.

20. To nurture socially responsible citizens with strong elements of spirituality, ethics and morality. To develop future leaders who understand, appreciate and tolerate ethnic, cultural and religious diversity. OBJECTIVES

21. To equip future leaders with communication, languages and social skills. To be the centre of excellence in the field of defense technology, economics and diplomacy, military affairs, as well as strategic and security studies. OBJECTIVES

22. NDUM MOTTO DUTY, HONOUR and INTEGRITY

23. FACULTY • NDUM have 3 faculties which are : • The Faculty of Defence Engineering • The Faculty of Defence Science & Technology • The Faculty of Defence Management Studies • Centre: • Centre of Defence Foundation Studies • Military Defence Academy

24. CENTRES OF EXCELLENCE • Military Defence Academy • 2. Center of Research Management and • Graduate Studies • 3. Centers of Excellence: • Institute of Strategic Studies (2007) • Institute of Military Medicine (2008) • Institute of Cyber Security (2009) • Institute of Mass Security and Safety (2010)

25. UNDERGRAGUATES PROGRAMS Mechanical Engineering Civil Engineering Electrical &Electronics Engineering (Power) Electrical &Electronics Engineering (Communication) Computer Science (Intelligent Systems) Computer Science (Computer Systems Security) Maritime Science & Technology Defence Human Resources Management Strategic Studies

26. CURICULUM COMPONENT • Military Training :20 % - 23 % • Core Subjects :77 % - 80 % • Industrial training :6 months • Medium of Instruction :English • Besides English language, students are required to take a foreign language of their choice. The languages offered are as follows: • -Mandarin • -French • -Russian • -Japanese.

27. STUDENT RECRUITMENT • Open to all Malaysians between the ages of 17 – 20 years and also meet the military physical requirements. • Fulfill the necessary academic requirements. • Percentage of students : • 80% cadets • 20% civilians • Civilian student are required to join the Reserve Officers Training Unit (ROTU)

28. COURSE DURATION • FOUNDATION PROGRAMS • -1 year • DEGREE PROGRAMS • -Engineering ( 4 years) • -Science & Technology (3 years) • -Management & Strategic Studies (3 years)

29. POST GRAGUATES PROGRAMS MSc and PhD by Research: Mechanical Engineering Civil Engineering Electrical &Electronics Engineering Computer Science Maritime Science & Technology Defence Human Resources Management Strategic Studies Defence Technology • 29 Monday, September 15, 2014

30. Strategic Studies: Laws of armed conflict Diplomacy and diplomatic practice Modern world history War and conflict Strategic Thinking International relations Foreign and defence policies Development of air power Issue in Malaysia security POST GRAGUATES PROGRAMS • 30 Monday, September 15, 2014

31. Defence Resources Management: Integrating military storage resources Resource inventory and management Impact of military training on resources Military culture and productivity Deployment Support Resources Family development and resource management Mobilisation and deployment support Resilience in time of war Management of military land POST GRAGUATES PROGRAMS • 31 Monday, September 15, 2014

32. Defence Technologies: Study on weapons Air defense missile systems Armoured fighting vehicles Soldier systems Anti armour missiles Artillery systems Unmanned Aerial vehicles Support/Attack helicopters Ammunition and Fuses Antennas, Masts and Towers Electronic warfare and jamming system Fire control and targeting Missiles, rocket and components Rugged computer, workstation and peripherals Military special purpose vehicles Invisible defense technology POST GRAGUATES PROGRAMS • 32 Monday, September 15, 2014

33. Commissioning Day DUTY HONOUR INTEGRITY

34. Army Institution "It is the soldier, not the reporter, Who has given us freedom of the press.It is the soldier, not the poet, Who has given us freedom of speech.It is the soldier, not the organizer, Who has given us the freedom to demonstrate.It is the soldier, Who salutes the flag, Who serves beneath the flag,And whose coffin is draped by the flag, Who allows the protestor to burn the flag.”   - Charles M. Province

35. Complete Victory & Happiness of Life • If you know the enemy and know yourself, your victory will not stand in doubt; if you know Heaven and know Earth, you may make your victory complete. • - Sun Tzu • Part of the happiness of life consists not in fighting battles, but in avoiding them. A masterly retreat is in itself a victory.-Norman Vincent Peale

36. THANK YOU MERCI GRAZZIE GRACIAS SPASIBA DANKE MANGE TAK NAN DHRI TERIMA KASIH ARIGATO SHUKRIYA XIE-XIE NI KAMSIAH / MMKOI JABAIINAU NGGO BUTE KABU KOP KUN KAH