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Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN) Forum June 3-4, 2014, Bonn, Germany

Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN) Forum June 3-4, 2014, Bonn, Germany. Team members Chun-Ting Chou, Shih-I Chen, William Chang, Chih-Young Hung, and T. Russell Hsing Background

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Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN) Forum June 3-4, 2014, Bonn, Germany

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  1. Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN) Forum June 3-4, 2014, Bonn, Germany • Team members • Chun-Ting Chou, Shih-I Chen, William Chang, Chih-Young Hung, and T. Russell Hsing • Background • 次代行動網路聯盟(NGMN Alliance)為全球最重要之寬頻行動聯盟 之一,有別於其他國際通訊標準組織 (如3GPP),次代行動網路聯盟著重 於制定及整合電信營運商之需求,以確保終端消費者對於寬頻行動通訊之需求與期望能被滿足 • 目前該聯盟成員由超過六十個會員組成,包 含國際間最重要之電信營運商 (如AT&T、中國移動、日本 DoCoMo等)、設備製造商 (如NSN、Ericsson、華為、聯發科技等)及研究組織 • 透過該聯盟之廣大會員基礎與影響力,其由會員之貢獻 (Contribution) 所制訂出之最終使用者 (end-to-end) 需求,除了將透過國際標準組織制 訂成為新世代的通訊標準,也經由擴大之佈建試驗與營運認證,加速新世代通訊系統之實現

  2. WorkStreams in Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN) 5G Initiatives • Workstream 1: Visions and Implications (Prof. Chun-Ting Chou) • Workstream 2: Requirements (Dr. Shih-I Chen) • Workstream 3: Technology and Architecture (Prof. T. Russell Hsing) • Workstream 4: Spectrum Access (Prof. Chun-Ting Chou) • Workstream 5: IPRs Management (Prof. Chih-Young Hung) • Workstream 6: Customers Use Cases (Mr. William Chang)

  3. NGMN WorkStream(WS.1)-Visions and Implications Session Chair A. Annunziato (Telecom Italia) and K. Holley (Telefonica) Overall Observations • The goals are to provide seamless and consistent user experience across all user cases and to enable various industry verticals (e.g., IoT) • 4 different possible business models including connectivity providers, infrastructured service providers, network as a service wholesale providers and virtual service providers Suggestions – for Taiwan to do next • Work with Taiwan telecomm (via joint work meetings) to re-define their business model for better value propositions and service export • Create focused initiatives (via government projects) to develop new IoT and OTT services companies 3

  4. Customer’s Perspective • End users • Seamless and consistent experience across all user cases • Mobile communication always available • Proximity connectivity and services • Real-time video, tactile Internet, augmented virtual reality • Sharing experience • Industry • IoT-based industry verticals • Automated processes • Remote operations

  5. Innovations & Enablers • New terminals and devices • Increased computing power with ubiquitous connectivity • task-specific sensors, flexible displays, wearables, etc • Software-based network structure • Infrastructure becoming software allows for centralization of intelligence • Rich ecosystem and fast speed of innovations • M2M, Big data, “OTT” services

  6. Visions beyond 2020 • Extreme real-time Communication (1) • V2V, V2I, tactile Internet • Ultra-reliable Communication (100) • Automated industries • Safety lifeline • Personal/social interaction (510,000,000) • Sharing • Proximity/location based service • Massive Internet of Things (100,000,000,000) • M2M, M2H, and H2M

  7. Implication and Key Attributes Massive IoT Extreme real-time communication

  8. Conclusions • NOT a radio interface • 5G is expected to be an end-to-end ecosystem that supports consistent user experience and new applications/service in a connected society Network as a Service Whole Providers Infrastructured Service Provider Connectivity Providers Network Sharing Virtual Platform Evolution of current services New services

  9. Workstream 2 – Requirement NGMN Forum June 3~4 2014 Dr. Shihi Chen Institute for Information Industry July 29, 2014

  10. Summary Session Chair • Clark ChenChina Mobile Senior Researcher Overall Observations • the 5 requirements derived from use cases, operator value proposition and business models • User experience requirements: consistent, efficient support of data rates, support of ultra low-latency、support of high mobility, device power efficiency • System performance requirements: cost efficiency throughput coverage,connection density, area capacity, spectrum efficiency, resource & signaling efficiency • Enhanced service requirements: seamless connectivity, context awareness, security, high availability • New business enabling: evolution of bit pipe model, X-aaS business models, Network sharing • Management & Operation requirements: cost efficiency, energy efficiency,ease of innovation & upgrade,ease of deployment, flexibility & scalability, operational awareness, operation efficiency Suggestions – for Taiwan to do next • 5Gsystem will be defined from both the user and operator perspectives.It is essential that the operators & vertical service providers can actively participate in Taiwan 5G project planning. It will be important to encourage more involvement or leadership of local mobile operators. • For the 5G project planning, it is vital to take on the E2E system service view.It will be good to select a few of 5G use cases or scenarios as the system integration master plan, instead of working on a few separate technology items.

  11. WS2: Requirements User Experience Requirement System Performance Requirement Use Cases Measurement & Operation Requirement Operator Value Proposition Enhanced Services Requirement WS1: Vision Business Model Requirement Business Model WS2:Requirement WS4: Spectrum WS3: Technology & Architecture

  12. Shift of Focus System Centric Performance User Perceived Performance Technical System Capabilities Business Enabling Capabilities Stand-Alone Add-ons Toward Efficiencies Efficiencies in all-dimensions as the foundation Pre-defined Capability Cost-Adaptive, On-demand Capability

  13. User Experience Requirements Mobility Data Rates Consistent User Experience Latency Device Power Efficiency

  14. System Performance Requirements Coverage Connection Density Traffic Volume Density Spectrum Efficiency Resource and Signaling Efficiency

  15. Enhanced Services Requirements Connectivity Transparency Security Context Awareness Resilience & High Availability

  16. New Business Enabling Requirements Connectivity Provider X-aaS Business Model Network Sharing

  17. Network Deployment, Operation and Management Requirements Cost Efficiency Energy Efficiency Ease of Innovation and Upgrade Flexibility & Scalability Operational Awareness Operation Efficiency

  18. Essence of My Talk on “Reduction of Latency Delay For End-to-End Wireless Network”in NGMN Forum Advisor Session Bonn Germany, June 4, 2014

  19. Major Determining Factors for E2E Delay • Processing Delay • Resource Management • Network load • Channel Status 1. System Specs • Network Architecture • toward flat architecture • System Procedures • Smaller TTI 2. Implementation Provisioning Deployment RAN Edge TTI + Frame Alignment 1ms 1.5ms 1ms 1ms 0.5ms faster processing ? ? ? ? 80% 80% 80% 80% 0.2ms 0.3ms 0.2ms 1ms 0.1ms Reference: FP7 ICT LOLA

  20. Emerging Network Topologies for Further Reduced End-to-End Latency Cloud-Radio-Access-Network (C-RAN) Centralized BB processing and load balance could facilitate RAN resource allocation and reduce radio access network processing delay Device-to-Device (D2D) communicationscould significantly eliminate network processing delay Software-Define Network (SDN) could reduce core network transport delay This should be under further research.

  21. Conclusions • The 5G requirements focused on “user-centric” or “business-centric” will have significant effects on the 5G architecture and technical design. • The operators are trying to claim more important roles in 5G definitions. • With the multi-dimensions of requirements, some of them might dictate a major revolution of 5G system.

  22. NGMN WorkStream (WS.3)-Technology and Architecture Session Chair Dr. Mikio Iwamura, Director of Wireless Research, NTT DOCOMO, Germany Overall Observations • Through four tasks listed as Analysis, Trends, Technologies (need giant step), and Architecture (Design Principles), this work stream will focus on gap analyses, leverage technology trends, and technology components (such as Spectrum Access, Duplex Mode, SDN, Small Cell Network, etc.) to prepare the initial white paper • Need to have a generic view on architecture for wireless 5G Suggestions – for Taiwan to do next • There will need a disruptive change on requirements , technology advanced, and services creations from current 4G to the future 5G. Many of potential Key technologies which have been mentioned in this Forum (such as SDN, Small Cell Network, Smart Data Pricing and Fog Networking and Computing) are Taiwan’s strength. We need to integrate all R&D resources to start a very focused initiative to develop/secure necessary essential IPRs and deliver a Demonstrable Working End-to-End System (e.g. F-RAN) within 3 Years. 22

  23. Source : Professor Mung Chiang, Princeton University

  24. Conclusions • Wireless 5G will essentially be “Services & Applications Driven” • Small Cell Network, Soft-Defined Network (SDN), Smart Data Pricing, Cloud-Based Radio Access Network (C-RAN), and Fog-Based-Radio Access Network (F-RAN) will be key essential technology for both Architecture and Technology in Wireless 5G. • Let’s concentrate our resources and commitment to: (1)Deliver a demonstrable end-to-end working system within 3 years, and (2) to establish/secure key and essential IPRs for Wireless 5G

  25. NGMN WorkStream(WS.4)-Spectrum Session Chair S. Apetrei from Orange Overall Observations • Spectrum above 6/10 GHz is needed for very high data rate, below 1GHz for larger coverage, as well as spectrum for shorter-range connectivity • NGMN operators fully support flexible usage of spectrum including licensed share and license exempt, in addition to the original (preferred) licensed access Suggestions – for Taiwan to do next • Re-farming and open more spectrum for sharing - basedon the ITU WRC-15 rules - by Taiwan regulatory bodies (e.g., NCC and MoT) is desperately needed • Expedite and leverage R&D capacity such as cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum access (DSA) for spectrum sharing 25

  26. Spectrum Access • Exclusive licensing regimes should remain the preferred solution • enable guaranteed QoS and support global roaming • Supplementary spectrum made available on a shared basis • Additional licensed spectrum made available by an incumbent governmental or public user • license-exempt spectrum chapter

  27. Spectrum flexibility • Spectrum flexibility can bring benefits of spectral efficiency gains • Unlicensed spectrum can serve as a complement, particularly if it is aggregated with licensed spectrum to increase bandwidths

  28. Spectrum Availability • Unused VHF bands in sub-1 GHz bands • Available bandwidth: 30 to 200 MHz • Long-distance non-line-of-sight communication (Super WiFi) • Already being tested in rural and urban broadband(US, UK, Singapore, Kenya, etc) • New generations of long-range sensor networks (IoT) • 3.5 GHz band • Available bandwidth: 100 MHz in the 3550-3650 MHz). • Small cell and spectrum sharing

  29. Spectrum Availability (cont.) • 5 GHz band • Available bandwidth: 775 MHz in the US. • 100 more MHz available in 5.15 to 5.25 GHz band in US • Short-range transmission (5.8 GHz for LTE-U) • longer-range, point-to-point gigabit link (wireless backhaul) • 60 GHz band • Available bandwidth: 7 GHz • Short-range, ultra-fast communication to mobile devices • line-of-sight backhaul from small cells • Other bands between 6-10GHz, 28GHz, 38GHz, etc

  30. Key Attributes vs. Spectrum Sub 1Gbps 5GHz, 60 GHz Massive IoT Extreme real-time communication

  31. Conclusions • Sharing is NOT a synonym of compromised service. Instead, it provides great flexibility for providing QoS services to end users • Via offloading or smart aggregation • The question is where or not we should implement spectrum sharing. The question is how • Global harmonization (ITU WRC 15), local regulation and new architecture in place

  32. NGMN WorkStream (WS.5)- IPR Management and Challenge Session Chair Luke Ibbetson/ Head of Group Research & Development – Technology / Vodafone Group Service Limited/ Newbury, Berkshire, United Kingdom Overall Observations • The Basic tenet of this work stream is as follows: • The current IP structure for 3G and 4G may not be fit for purpose to support 5G deployment • 5G IPR costs must be predictable and manageable • The 5G IPR structure must stimulate and reward innovation • “Royalty stacking” is perceived to be a significant issue in keeping device costs high Suggestions – for Taiwan to do next • In terms of IPR, there are at least two lines of opportunities that Taiwan should seize at present in the 5G endeavor: • The F-RAN conceptual framework, proposed by our Taiwan team, was well received by the audience in general and Mr. Chen of China Mobile and the editor-in-chief of the white paper, in particular. The Taiwan team is scheduled to meet with China Mobile this September to further discuss this matter. Thus, firms and research institutes in Taiwan should speed up R&D activities and patent application under the F-RAN structure. • To reflect Taiwan’s voice on IPR structure to NGMN. The experiences of Taiwanese firms in mobile industry regarding their dealing with major IP holders should be collected and compiled. Then, argument should be elaborated and presented to WS5 for their consideration in the writing of the final paper. 32

  33. Conclusions (WS.5) • By interviewing the CTOs of Taiwan's major firms in the telecom industry & Opterator, to learn of their experiences and comments on current IP related matters. • With the multi-dimensions of requirements, some of them might dictate a major revolution of 5G system. • “Royalty stacking” solution: Cross licensing and patent positioning to reduce high cost. • Base on F-RAN conceptual framework, combine Taiwan ICT and Telecom strength, file the cross discipline patents with the synergy.

  34. NGMN WorkStream (WS.6)-Customer Use Case Session Chair Mr. Armando Annunziato (Telecom Italia) Overall Observations • Submit the Vision of 5G Use Cases beyond 2020, business models Implications & operator value proposition. • The goals are to provide seamless and user experience and application to enable various industry verticals and horizontal cooperation. • 4 business models including connectivity providers, infrastructure service providers, network as a service wholesale providers and virtual service providers Suggestions – for Taiwan to do next • Work with Taiwan TeleCom & DataCom companies (via 5G Taiwan forum) to encourage more networking service providers to join and redefine the value added business model. • Follow F-RAN and Big Data applications, focus on corporate cloud with Fog computing, specify on 3 major E2E scenarios as the system integration master plan, such as E-Healthcare, Telematics & Internet of Things. 34

  35. 4 New Business models: 1.connectivity providers, 2.infrastructure service providers, 3.network as a service wholesale providers and 4.virtual service providers • User experience requirements: consistent, efficient support of data rates, support of ultra low-latency、support of high mobility, device power efficiency.

  36. The post-2020 outlook is vastly broad in terms of variety and variability. Sets of selected use cases show both enriched service categories and also prospects for numerous new services. * Personal/Social Interaction in Connected Society Virtual collaboration Out of coverage and proximity * Extreme Real-Time Communication Vehicle to Vehicle and to road communication * Massive Internet of Things Low Data/Power * Critical & Safety - Lifeline Remote Operation Health & Assisted Living * Ultra-reliable (M2M, M2H, H2M) Automated Industries

  37. 5G is expected to be an end-to-end ecosystem that supports the new use cases in the connected society, supporting new business models and empowering the Operators’ value proposition. • End-to-end enabling environment for countless applications

  38. Matching user-centric requirements of fully mobile and connected society of 2020 and beyond • Guaranteeing seamless and consistent user experience anytime and across all user spaces • Providing efficiency and sustainability • Business opportunities and incentives for the Network Operators • Enabling a rich environment for innovations and change.

  39. NGMN WorkStream (WS.6)-Customer Use Case • Big Data  Cloud, C-RAN • Corporate Cloud  F-RAN • F-RAN Computing  Small Cell Networking • LTE AutoloadWiFi  Coverage & E2E Latency • IoT , Telematics, E-HealthCare, Smart Grid • Data flow, Money flow, Logistic, Body, Car, Food, Remote control, Smart Data Pricing, Energy Management System…

  40. Conclusions (WS.6) • The operators & vertical service providers can actively participate in Taiwan 5G project planning, such as the system integration master plan, instead of working on a few separate technology items. • Use Case: E-Healthcare(SECOM), Telematics(Compal) & Internet of Things(MediaTek) • 5G new trend: Cloud-Based Radio Access Network (C-RAN), and Fog-Based-Radio Access Network (F-RAN), Small Cell Network, F-RAN Computing center & Data center, Soft-Defined Network (SDN), Smart Data Pricing. • Overall vision: Use cases and business models are input for defining requirements and architecture.

  41. Many of potential Key technologies (such as SDN, Small Cell Network, Smart Data Pricing and Fog Networking and Computing) which have been discussed in this Forum are all Taiwan’s strength and competence NOW. We need to integrate all of our R&D resources to initiate JUST a few very focused programs to develop/secure necessary essential IPRs and deliver a Demonstrable Working End-to-End System (e.g. F-RAN) within 3 ~4 Years. • Taiwan Team: Prof. T. Russell Hsing (NCTU), Dr. Shih-I Chen (III), Prof. Chun-Ting Chou (NTU) • Prof. Chih-Young Hung (NCTU), Mr. William Chang (NCTU) • NGMN Alliance has officially created a Wireless 5G Initiative in March, 2014 • The initial White Paper for Wireless 5G will be available in March,2015. The outlines of this report will consist of: 1. Visions and Business Models 2. Requirement, 3. Technology and Architecture, 4. Spectrum, 5. IPRs Management and Challenges, 6. Customers Use Case • Dr. Shih-I Chen has presented a contribution on “Reduction of Low Latency for End-to-End Wireless Networks. Taiwan Team has also proposed Fog-based Radio Access Network (F-RAN) in Small Cell Networks. All of them have been well received! • Overall Observations • Suggestions – for Taiwan to do Next NGMN Forum in Bonn, Germany, June 3-4, 2014Executive Summary • 1

  42. Source : Professor Mung Chiang, Princeton University

  43. Source : Professor Mung Chiang, Princeton University

  44. Source : Professor Mung Chiang, Princeton University

  45. Source : Professor Mung Chiang, Princeton University

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