“A LIAR WILL NOT BE BELIEVED EVEN WHEN HE SPEAKS THE TRUTH.” AESOP: “THE SHEPHERD’S BOY”

1. “A LIAR WILL NOT BE BELIEVED EVEN WHEN HE SPEAKS THE TRUTH.” AESOP: “THE SHEPHERD’S BOY”

2. Five Themes of Geography World History & Geography Know: Explain the Five Themes of Geography Show: Group Share/Quiz

3. Theme One - Location • Definition- Refers to the position of people and places on the Earth’s surface. • Question answered - Where is it? • What is an example of the question where is it? • Question answered - Why is it there? • What is an example of why is it there? • Two types of location- • Absolute location • Relative location

4. Absolute Location • Definition - Exact position on Earth using a grid system of latitude and longitude. • Example: Mt. St. Helens 46° N, 122° W

5. Relative Location • Definition - The relationship of one place to other places. • Example: • Decide where to live • Where to work • Where to put a landfill • Where to put a military base • Arizona is north of Mexico • Changes in relative location

6. Changes in relative location • Relative location between two places can increase or decrease • Decrease example: information getting from New York to San Francisco • Stage - 27 days • Pony Express - 15 days • Railroad - 4.5 days • Air Mail - 3 days • Next Day Delivery • Fax - Minutes • Computer - Seconds • Farther apart • Fax breaks and have to mail information • Bus breaks down and you have to walk

7. Why is it there? (2nd question - location) • Reasons why events happen where they do. • Why diseases happen where they do. • Examples: fire stations, schools, office buildings, stadiums.

8. Location Activity • Your table(s) up to four is a group • Pick up the school building as if it were a toy block. Relocate it anywhere your group chooses. • Answer: • Explain (on paper) 3 ways your school life would change. • Listen to all the groups choices and explanations and give two disadvantages/advantages of your favorite 2.

9. “There is always someone worse off than yourself” Aesop

10. Theme Two - Place: Physical and human characteristics Question - What is it like there? • Three fundemental characteristics • Physical characteristics • geological, hydrological, atmospheric, biological, natural environment. • Example: Venice, Italy - island and canals - boats instead of cars • Example: Burma - Houses built on stilts to protect from floods.

11. Human Characteristics • Human ideas and actions that result in changes in the environment. • buildings, farms • Examples: long lot farms next to rivers for access • rivers as original means of transportation • different ways at looking at land • land rich for mining • sacred land • Image people have of the place

12. Place Activity • Your group (4 Max) is your table. • Select a place in the world that is easily described. • Take 5 minutes and describe at least 5-10 things that would help identify the place. • Be prepared to read these in front of the class and have them guess the location.

13. Theme Three - Human/Environment interactions: shaping the landscapeQuestion: What is the relationship between humans and the environment? • Three Key Concepts • Humans depend on the environment • Natural environment: made up of all living and non-living things - • living things - people, animals, plants • non-living things - air, land, water • Depend on natural environment for basic needs • Congo River basin - people new to Congo starve • native people can find food

14. Humans modify the environment • modification by agriculture • turning deserts into Ag areas • Humans adapt to the environment • settle everywhere by adapting • adaption may be affected by culture’s economy, politics, technology • solutions may cause more problems - Borneo Mosquitoes To discuss: How do students depend, modify and adapt to Mesa High?

15. Theme Four - Movement - relationships between people in different places.Question: How and why are places related to one another? • Three types of movement • movement of people • migration-move to a new location for settlement - forced or voluntary • movement of goods - goods being moved from place to another. • movement of ideas - ideas borrowed from other groups and adapted to our own purpose.

16. Movement Activity • Divide into groups (4 max) by tables • List 10 different types of movement using Mesa High • Be prepared to read aloud.

17. Theme Five - Regions - areas that have unifying characteristics.Question: How and why is one area similiar and different to each other? • Examples of Regions • Human regions • corn belt • rocky mountain region • Physical regions • topography - what surrounding area looks like • climate • Political Boundries • borders

18. Cultural regions • Bible belt • Latin America • Global Regions • similiar religions • climates • languages • Local Regions • school districts • zip codes • Any location can be in multiple regions

19. Region Activity • Groups • Pick one of the five regions (grasslands, deserts, rain forests, mountains, polar) • List ten items you would need to have to help adapt to the environment. • Read aloud • Discuss: • How are the items similar/different. Why? • Do regions have similar items?

20. 5 Themes of Geography Sample quiz. 1. HOW AND WHY ARE PLACES RELATED TO ONE ANOTHER IS A QUESTION OF WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY? 2. PEOPLE CHANGING THEIR SURROUNDINGS WOULD BE AN EXAMPLE OF WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY? 3. WHAT MAKES UP THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT? 4. USING RELATIVE LOCATION WHICH IS FARTHER APART: MEXICO CITY TO PHOENIX BY BUS, PLANE, OR FOOT. 5. WHERE IS IT - ANSWERS WHAT QUESTION FOR WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY? 6. WHAT QUESTION IS ASKED INVOLVING THE PLACE THEME OF GEOGRAPHY? 7. PEOPLE USING SOD TO BUILD HOUSES WITH ON THE GREAT PLAINS WHERE THERE ARE NO TREES WOULD BE WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY AND WHY? 8. THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN STATES WOULD BE AN EXAMPLE OF WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY? ALSO WHICH CHARACTERISTIC IS USED TO DESCRIBE THIS AREA? 9. THE USE OF THE FAX MACHINE AFFECTS WHICH THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY AND WHY? 10. WHAT IS LOCATED AT 0º LATITUDE, 0º LONGITUDE, 90º N LATITUDE, 66 1/2º S LATITUDE, 180º LONGITUDE, 23 1/2º S LATITUDE?