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Advanced Higher Chemistry

Advanced Higher Chemistry. Unit 1 - Electronic structure and the periodic table (20 hours) Unit 2 - Principles of chemical reactions (40 hours) Unit 3 - Organic chemistry (40 hours) Chemical investigation (20 hours). Electronic structure and the Periodic Table. Electronic structure.

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Advanced Higher Chemistry

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  1. Advanced Higher Chemistry Unit 1 - Electronic structure and the periodic table (20 hours) Unit 2 - Principles of chemical reactions (40 hours) Unit 3 - Organic chemistry (40 hours) Chemical investigation (20 hours) MM 2011 AH

  2. Electronic structure and the Periodic Table Electronic structure Electromagnetic spectrum & associated calculations Electronic configuration & the Periodic Table Spectroscopy Chemical bonding Covalent bonding Resonance structures Shapes of molecules & polyatomic ions Ionic lattices, superconductors and semiconductors Some chemistry of the Periodic Table The second & third short periods: oxides, chlorides & hydrides Electronic configuration & oxidation states of the transition metals Transition metal complexes MM 2011 AH

  3. Electromagnetic radiation • James Maxwell’s theory • all radiation wave-like electric and magnetic fields in space Electromagnetic radiation • waves varying in length 10-14 m - 104 m • constant velocity in a vacuum 3 x 108 ms-1 MM 2011 AH

  4. Waves Waves can be described by their wavelength, frequency and velocity. Wavelength, l (m or nm; 1 nm = 10-9 m), the distance between two identical points on adjacent waves. Frequency, f (or) n (s-1 or Hz), the number of waves per second Velocity, c (ms-1 ), the distance a wave travels per second c = l x f (n) Wavenumber, 1/l (m -1 or cm -1 ), the number of waves in one metre or one centimetre. MM 2011 AH

  5. l 1 s l Waves continued f (or n)= 3 Hz f (or n)= 6 Hz Velocity, c (ms-1 )= l x f (or n) f (or n) = c l l = c f MM 2011 AH

  6. Waves summary nm orm Distance between adjacent waves _ n c l f (or n) Rate of advance of a wave m Number of waves in 1 m or 1 cm Number of waves per second ms-1 cm-1 orm-1 MM 2011 AH

  7. Waves summary Number of waves per second f (or n) Hz Distance between adjacent waves m l Rate of advance of a wave c ms-1 _ n cm-1 orm-1 Number of waves in 1 m or 1 cm MM 2011 AH

  8. UV rays radio & TV infrared rays short microwaves X-rays gamma rays Wavelength, l/m 10-3 10-6 10-9 100 1 10-12 Wavelength, l/nm 700 600 500 400 Electromagnetic spectrum visible Get XUnless Very Ill Men Start Resting Past papers 2013 Q2 -4; 2012 Q1 MM 2011 AH

  9. Quanta – small bundles or packets of energy. - fixed size so transfer of energy occurs in fixed amounts Electromagnetic radiation is also regarded as a stream of particles – photons (wave-particle duality). Energy of radiation for a photon can be calculated using h is Planck’s constant = 6.63 x 10-34 Js or E = h c l E = h f (E = h n) For one mole of photons E = L h f or E = L h c l where L is Avogadro’s constant (E = L h n) The energy of radiation is calculated in Jmol -1 or kJmol -1 p4 LTS Q1 & 2 MM 2011 AH

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