HRs - Env - Access to Justice International Corporate Accountability Paper Pulp Mills

1. HRs - Env - Access to Justice International Corporate Accountability Paper Pulp Mills Fray Bentos - Uruguay Experimental Corporate Accountability Advocacy Strategies and Litigation

2. Ence Botnia Rio Uruguay Argentina Uruguay

3. Principle Proponents(at first sight) • Companies Botnia & ENCE • International Finance Corporation (IFC) • Uruguayan Government(National and Local) • And then we found … International Finance Corporation Uruguay

4. After Investigation We Found: • Companies - Botnia/ENCE • IFC • MIGA • Private Banks (ING / BBVA / Nordea / NIB, etc.) • Finnvera (Finnish Export Credit Agency) • CESCE & ICO (Spanish ECAs) • Uruguayan Government (National and Local) • Other Companies International Finance Corporation Supplier Private Bank MIGA Spanish ECA Banco Privado Spanish ECA Int’l Org Private Bank Private Bank Company Finnish ECA Gob. Uruguayo

5. Entre RíosGov Gualeguaychu Assembly40,000 persons Taking to Bridge Argentine Gov Principal Oposition • Gualeguaychu Assembly (40,000 personas) (Public/Business/NGOs) • Select NGOs and Public in Uruguay • Argentine Government (National, Provincial and Municipal) • Uruguayan Prosecutor • Press • CEDHA UruguayanNGOs

6. What to do?

7. Possible Channels of Action • CAO • Inter-American Commission of Human Rights • European Commission for Violations to European Citizens • Spanish/Finish Courts (Finnvera - ECA) • Criminal Actions in Argentina against CEOs • International Court of Justice - Hague • Legal Action in Uruguay • Equator Bank Compliance Claim (to BBVA and ING) • OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises • UN Human Rights Norms for Transnational Corporations • UN Global Compact • Generally on Corporate Social Responsibility Commitments Int’l Court Justice Int’l Human Rights Tribunal

8. Choice and Justifications for First Phase Advocacy • Compliance Advisory Ombudsman • To uncover project irregularities and shortfalls • Gain advocacy legitimacy • Imminent Board Vote • Potential Favorable Audit and Opportune Moment to Influence IFC • Human Rights Commission • Political Attention • Experimental Legal Advocacy • Political Opportunity • Know How

9. Grounds of Action at CAO • Violations to Environmental and Social Safeguards • Violations to Disclosure Policy • Violations to International Waterways Policy • Poor Stakeholder Consultation • Poor EIAs • Violations of International Treaties • > Focuses on Obtaining Audits

10. Grounds of Action at IAHRC (for Responsibility of Uruguayan Gov. To Project) • Right to Life • Right to Physical Integrity • Rights of the Child • Judicial Process • Progressive Realization of ESCR • Right to Health • Right to a Healthy Environment • Access to Information • Access to Justice > We asked for Preventive Measures

11. Second Phase Advocacy • Equator Principles (ING & BBVA) • Interesting Commitment from Banks • Favorable CAO Audit = Key! • However, no compliant mechanism (we created one!) • Human Rights Compliance Complaint (Nordea) • No mechanism Existed(we invented a complaint) • Initiate ICJ Pressure • UN Norms • Increasing Social Movement Advocacy • Intensification of Media Outreach • International NGO Outreach

12. Third Phase Advocacy • Equator Principles (ING Pullout) • Advocacy Around Pullout • Consolidate ICJ Complaint • OECD Complaints • Anti-ECA Advocacy • Continued Social Movement Advocacy • Continued Media Outreach • Continued International NGO Outreach Spanish ECA Private Bank Finnish ECA

13. Exploratory StrategiesArticulation of Actions Others? UN CSR CAO World BankBoard Safeguards IACHR Indep. Control Mechs OECD -NCPs Companies IFIs Human Rights Press Social Movements NGOs NationalGovernments Prvt Banks

14. Romina Picolotti romina@cedha.org.ar Center for Human Rights and Environment