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Mitosis

Mitosis. The Process of Cellular Asexual Reproduction. Asexual Reproduction. Asexual reproduction occurs when there is only one parent or parent cell. Mitosis (cell division) Binary Fission (bacteria and protist division) Budding (yeast and hydra) Spore formation (mold and fungus)

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Mitosis

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  1. Mitosis The Process of Cellular Asexual Reproduction

  2. Asexual Reproduction • Asexual reproduction occurs when there is only one parent or parent cell. • Mitosis (cell division) • Binary Fission (bacteria and protist division) • Budding (yeast and hydra) • Spore formation (mold and fungus) • Regeneration (regrowth of lost body part) • Vegetative Reproduction (bulbs, tubers, runners, rhizomes and grafting)

  3. The Cell Cycle • Mitosis: cell divides • Interphase consists of G1, S and G2 • G1: growth, synthesis of proteins and organelles • S: chromosomes are replicated, DNA synthesis • G2: preparation for mitosis

  4. Parts of a Chromosome • During interphase the DNA is replicated. • During mitosis the DNA condenses into visible structures called chromosomes. • Each chromosome consists of two identical “chromatids” • The centromere connects the two chromatids.

  5. Prophase Centrioles • Structures called centrioles appear and move to opposite sides of the cell • Fibers begin to connect each centriole to the centromere of each chromosome • Nuclear membrane disappears Spindle Fibers

  6. Metaphase • Fibers now connect the centromeres of each chromosome to the centrioles at each side of the cell • The chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell

  7. Anaphase • The centromeres connecting each pair of chromatids separate. • The fibers pull the chromosomes apart to opposite sides of the cell

  8. Telophase • Fibers separate from the chromosomes • Chromosomes unravel • A nuclear membrane forms around each new set of chromosomes

  9. Cytokinesis • Cell membrane pinches together separating the cytoplasm and organelles into two new individual daughter cells.

  10. Mitosis and Chromosome Number • A human skin cell has 46 chromosomes • At the end of mitosis each daughter cell has 46 chromosomes • Why is mitosis an example of asexual reproduction?

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