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The Jazz Age & Great Depression

The Jazz Age & Great Depression. 1920-1939. Popular culture reflected the prosperity of the era. Radio: Broadcast jazz and Fireside Chats KDKA- The first commercial radio station

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The Jazz Age & Great Depression

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  1. The Jazz Age & Great Depression 1920-1939

  2. Popular culture reflected the prosperity of the era

  3. Radio: Broadcast jazz and Fireside Chats • KDKA- The first commercial radio station • Fireside Chats-Used by FDR during the Great Depression to explain his New Deal policies. They made people trust him. Mass media and communications

  4. Movies: Provided escape from Depression-era realities • The Jazz Singer- The first “talkie”– movie with sound. • Newspapers and magazines: Shaped cultural norms and sparked fads

  5. Traditional religion: Darwin’s Theory, the Scopes Trial • Scopes Monkey Trial- TN biology teacher John Scopes was convicted of teaching Darwin’s (illegal) theory of evolution. Challenges to traditional values

  6. Traditional role of women: Flappers, 19th Amendment • Flapper: The “new” woman: rebellious & bold. They wore shot skirts, bobbed hair, smoke & drank in public • 19th Amendment- passed in 1920 giving women the right to vote

  7. Open immigration: Rise of new Ku Klux Klan (KKK) • New Klan- used modern fundraising & advertising. • Anti blacks, Catholics, Jews & immigrants • Immigration Restriction Act (1921)- Nativismcreated quotas to limit the number of immigrants allowed into the US each year.

  8. Prohibition: Smuggling alcohol and speakeasies • Speakeasy- illegal & secret bar where bootleg alcohol was sold • 18th Amendment- created Prohibition by outlawing the manufacture, transportation & sale of alcohol.

  9. The United States emerged from World War I as a global power. The stock market boom and optimism of the 1920s were generated by investments made with borrowed money. When businesses failed, the stocks lost their value, prices fell, production slowed, banks collapsed, and unemployment became widespread. Causes of the Great Depression

  10. Buying on margin (loans) Money in circulation Hawley-Smoot Tariff (highest in American history)

  11. Business was booming, but investments were made with borrowed money (overspeculation). Business failures led to bankruptcies. There was excessive expansion of credit. DUST BOWL: worst drought ever causes farms to fail. Bank deposits were invested in the market. The stock market crash of 1929 and collapse of stock prices When the market collapsed, the banks ran out of money. Causes of the Stock Market Crash (Black Tuesday) October 29, 1929

  12. Clients panicked, attempting to withdraw their money from the banks, but there was nothing to give them. • There were no new investments. Consequences of the Stock Market Crash

  13. banks corporations bankrupt unemployment closed run mortgages homeless Hoovervilles

  14. Unemployment homelessness Increased divorce & suicide Collapse of the financial system (bank closings) Fewer births, marriages Due to poverty Decline in demand for goods Migration (Hobos= homeless men searching for work) Political unrest (growing militancy of labor unions) STRIKES! Farm foreclosures

  15. Bonus Army no army cheerleader

  16. dropped Franklin Delano Roosevelt New Deal Relief: end hunger & homelessness Recovery: Give people jobs Reform: This program changed the role of the government to a more active participant in solving problems. Roosevelt rallied a frightened nation in which one in four workers was unemployed. (“We have nothing to fear, but fear itself.”) The New Deal permanently altered the role of American government in the economy. It also fostered changes in people’s attitudes toward government’s responsibilities. Organized labor acquired new rights, as the New Deal set in place legislation that reshaped modern American capitalism.

  17. Hundred Days relief Fireside chats Brain Trust recover reform Alphabet The New Deal

  18. Supreme Court Court Packing Father Coughlin banks Dr. Townsend Huey Long Social Security Act communists Opposition to the New Deal

  19. CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) PWA (Public Works Administration) TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) HOLC (Home Owners Loan Corporation) CCC WPA (Works Progress Administration) FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act) FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act) HOLC SEC (Securities & Exchange Commission) WPA FLRB (Federal Labor Relations Board) WPA Alphabet Agencies TVA SSA (Social Security Act)

  20. The legacy of the New Deal influenced the public’s belief in the responsibility of government to deliver public servicesto intervene in the economy, and to act in ways that promote the general welfare Legacy of the New Deal

  21. It finally ends laissez-faire. Now people expect the government to fix economic problems. Keynsian debt fix Capitalism fascists unions WWII New Deal Results

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