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Modern Georgia

EQ: How have the end of the county unit system, reapportionment, and the two party system changed Georgia?. Modern Georgia. County Unit System. County unit system – established by the Neill-Primary Act (1917)

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Modern Georgia

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  1. EQ: How have the end of the county unit system, reapportionment, and the two party system changed Georgia? Modern Georgia

  2. County Unit System • County unit system – established by the Neill-Primary Act (1917) • 8 most populated counties got a total of 6 votes each, 30 medium counties got 4 total votes each, 121 small counties got 2 total votes each • THEREFORE, the rural areas had more power over elections (i.e. the person who got the most votes did not win the election)

  3. End of the County Unit System • “One Person, One Vote”-- The concept that each citizen’s vote should equal every other citizen’s vote • County-unit system was declared unconstitutional in 1962 (It violated the 14th amendment of the U.S. Constitution.) • This change caused more representatives to come from urban areas • General Assembly had to reapportion (redraw) voting districts to ensure districts of equal population size

  4. Rise of the two-party system • Voters elected Democrats and Republicans • More African Americans were elected to state office. • In 1980, Mack Mattingly was first Republican US Senator since Reconstruction – by 1992, most were Republicans • Cynthia McKinney: Democrat, first black woman elected from Georgia to Congress • John Lewis: Democrat, civil rights leader, senior member of Georgia’s congressional delegation

  5. Georgia Elects Republican Governor • Sonny Purdue, Republican, elected in 2002 • First Republican governor in Georgia in 130 years • Georgia legislature had Democratic majority until 2004 • Georgians elected Republicans to the US Senate and most of the US House of Representatives • Voters gave Georgia a two-party system

  6. What change did NOT occur in Georgia as a result of the end of the county unit system? • More political power went to the more heavily populated areas • More women were elected to state office in the executive branch. • More African Americans were elected to office in the state legislature. • More members of the General Assembly were elected from the urban areas.

  7. Which amendment did the county unit system violate? • Thirteenth C. Fifteenth Amendment • Fourteenth D. Sixteenth Amendment

  8. How did the end of the county unit system change the focus of campaigning in Georgia? • Political rallies were held less often. • Candidates used television more often. • Candidates had to appeal to voters statewide. • Candidates concentrated on larger populated areas that had more voters.

  9. EQ: What role did Jimmy Carter play in Georgia and the United States? Modern Georgia

  10. Jimmy Carter • James Earl Carter: • 1962 – elected to the Georgia senate • 1970 – elected governor of Georgia • Reorganized Georgia’s executive branch (300 agencies reduced to 25) • Appointed the first woman as a state judge

  11. Jimmy Carter • 1977-1980 served as President of the United States • National energy policy • Created the Department of Education • As president he focused on human rights: • negotiated the “1978 Camp David Peace Accords” (a peace treaty between Israel and Egypt) • Established full diplomatic relations with China • Withdrew U.S. from the 1980 Olympics to protest Russia’s invasion of Afghanistan • Problems as president: high energy costs, high interest rates, high inflation, 52 American hostages held in Iran

  12. Jimmy Carter • Continued efforts after leaving office • negotiating peace • defeat diseases • ensure fair elections • build affordable housing with Habitat for Humanity • writes books

  13. EQ: How did the 1996 Olympic Games impact Georgia? Modern Georgia

  14. Georgia Hosts the Olympics • Summer 1996: Atlanta hosted XXVI Olympiad • 10,000 athletes from 197 countries • Georgia Tech and Georgia State University gained new residence facilities. • World-class competition facilities were built • Olympic Stadium • Georgia Horse Park • Wolf Creek Shooting Range • Stone Mountain tennis facility • Lake Lanier Rowing Center Click to return to Table of Contents.

  15. More benefits for Georgia • 90,000 volunteers in Atlanta and other Georgia cities and locations • Brought international attention to the city and state – millions of visitors as well as millions of television viewers • Millions of dollars impacted Georgia’s economy

  16. Problems • July 29, 1996: Bomb in Olympic Park killed one visitor and injured 117 • (created a sense of fear for the athletes and spectators) • Severe traffic congestion brought criticism from the press about Atlanta’s lack of infrastructure (i.e. roads, bridges)

  17. How have immigrant communities contributed to the growth and economy of Georgia? Modern Georgia

  18. Immigrants • People from Latin American countries have come to northwest Georgia to work. • Carpet industry in Dalton • Poultry industry around Gainesville • Onion crop in Vidalia (seasonal workers) • Pecan industry around Albany • Economic impact • More churches • Hispanic businesses • Restaurants • More students in schools

  19. How do the four transportation systems influence Georgia’s economy? Transportation

  20. Transportation • Georgia has FOUR transportation systems that work together to connect our state with world trade. • Airports • Over 260 airports • Atlanta-Hartsfield-Jackson International airport • Busiest in the world • Largest employer in the state of Georgia • Headquarters of Delta Airlines • Passengers have 2 hour access (or less) to 80% of the U.S. • Multiplier effect on the economy ?????

  21. Transportation • Georgia Ports Authority • 2 deepwater ports (Savannah and Brunswick) • Connected to the railroad system and interstate system • Provide worldwide access • Can ship large amounts and large cargo including liquids, automobiles, etc • Economic impact: $2 billion income, 81,000 jobs, almost $600 million in taxes to state and local government • Top exports: wood pulp, paper, food (poultry) • Top imports: furniture, retail goods, machinery-appliances-electronics

  22. Highway system • Connects every city in the continental U.S. • Connects with ports, airports, and railroads • Over 1200 miles of interstates, 17.800 miles of state highways, 25,000 truckers

  23. Railroads • Georgia has over 5,400 miles of railroad tracks • Connect every major city in Georgia • Ability to haul large amounts and large cargo • Liquids • Livestock • Automobiles

  24. Major Georgia businesses • Coca-Cola (been there done that) • Georgia Pacific • Started in Augusta as a wholesaler of hardwood lumber • Today one of the leading manufacturers of markers of tissue, pulp paper, packaging, building products, and related chemical • 50,000 employees, 300 worldwide locations • Examples • Brawny paper towels • Dixie plates and cups • Quilted Northern toilet paper

  25. Delta • Delta Airlines (started in crop dusting in Macon) • Headquarters in Atlanta • More destinations than any other global airline • Over 80,000,000 domestic passengers and over 10,000,000 international per year • Over 60,000 employees

  26. Home Depot • Created by Bernie Marcus (the guy who helped build the GA Aquarium) and Arthur Blank (yes, the Falcon’s owner) • Home improvement stores set up as warehouse stores • Focused on customer service • Offers over 40,000 products • Started in Georgia and spread throughout the United States, Canada, Mexico and China

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