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TERRESTRIAL & AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

TERRESTRIAL & AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS. Biology 20. Terrestrial Ecosystem. Ecosystems found anywhere on earth that is not covered by water. Alberta’s terrestrial ecosystems are found within two major biomes: (A) Taiga (B) Grassland Within these biomes, you may find the following ecosystems:

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TERRESTRIAL & AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

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  1. TERRESTRIAL & AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS Biology 20

  2. Terrestrial Ecosystem • Ecosystems found anywhere on earth that is not covered by water. • Alberta’s terrestrial ecosystems are found within two major biomes: • (A) Taiga • (B) Grassland • Within these biomes, you may find the following ecosystems: • Taiga Ecosystem / Muskeg Ecosystem / Grassland Ecosystem / Deciduous Forest Ecosystem

  3. AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS • Two types of aquatic communities: • Marine  abundance of salt • Freshwater  lack salt • Estuary – where a river flows into the ocean, allowing the two communities to meet. • Contains “Brackish” water, mixture of fresh and salt.

  4. LAKE ZONES • LITTORAL ZONE • Most productive area, greatest amount of photosynthesis. • Shallow enough for rooted aquatic plants • Access to sufficient sunlight penetration

  5. LAKE ZONES • LIMNETIC ZONE • Open area of the lake that extends to the depth where sunlight penetration is not adequate. • No photosynthesis • Home for most animal life and free floating plants • PROFUNDAL ZONE • Sunlight cannot penetrate • AKA the “Benthic Zone” • Home for bottom feeders that feed on decaying matter.

  6. LAKE ZONES • Draw Diagram on Page 99 • On diagram, indicate... • 1. area of most photosynthesis • 2. area of most animal life • 3. area of bottom feeders • 4. benthic zone

  7. ABIOTIC FACTORS AFFECTING AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS FACTOR #1  Chemical Environment • 3 considerations to describe chemical environment: • A. Is the water fresh-water or salt-water? • B. How much O2 is dissolved in the water? • C. What amount of other substances is present in the water? (nitrogen, phosphorus, etc)

  8. FACTOR #2  Temperature • Increasing Depth = Decreasing Temperature • FACTOR #3  Sunlight • Exposure to sunlight decreases with increasing depth from the surface. • What type of organisms live in conditions with no sunlight?

  9. FACTOR #4  Water Pressure • Pressure increases with an increase in depth • Organisms can move freely through the ocean, but are limited by how much they can move up and down due to large changes in pressure. • At a depth of 10m, the pressure is double what it is at the surface, and increases by 100 kPa for every 10 m of depth. (average ocean depth = 4000 m)

  10. Questions! • Page 100 • 1 – 7

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