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SOREME PROJECT (LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109)

SOREME PROJECT (LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109). EIGHTEEN MONTHS MEETING ENEA ACTIVITIES Faenza Research Laboratories Bologna Research Center. LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109. ENEA activities - LCA and LCC studies. Short introduction to Life cycle thinking and LCA Activities in the SOREME project

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SOREME PROJECT (LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109)

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  1. SOREME PROJECT (LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109) EIGHTEEN MONTHS MEETING ENEA ACTIVITIES Faenza ResearchLaboratories Bologna Research Center LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  2. ENEA activities- LCA and LCC studies • Short introduction to Life cyclethinking and LCA • Activities in the SOREME project • Goal and scope definition • Data collection (LCA and LCC) • Some open questions • TimeTable LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  3. Life Cycle Assessment Source: Lepech (2010), Stanford University, TEMPERATURE SETTING UP TO 1650 °C • LCA is a technique for the systematic evaluation of the environmental aspects of a product or service system through all stages of its life cycle • It is the only standardised method to quantify a broad range of environmental impact categories • It provides scientific, detailed and quantitative information to identify/prevent environmental burdens shifting among the different phases of the life cycle, and the different impact categories • It allows for a comparative assessment between different product/services/systems performing the same function • It support optimisation processes whenever a trade off exist. LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  4. Mainstepsofan LCA study (ISO 14040-14044) • Why and towhom the studyiscarried out • System, itsfunctions, functionalunit and boundaries are defined • Rules and assumptions are established Interpretation Goal and scope definition • The process flow chart isdescribed • Energy, water and materials use and environmental releases are quantified (different data sources) • Data are combined in the flow chart and relatedto the functionalunit Inventory analysis Impact assessment • Effectsofresourcesuse and emissionsgenerated are grouped in a limitednumberof impact categories (e.g. global warming, humantoxicity) and quantified • Needs and opportunities of reducing impacts are identified • Quality of the study (completeness, consistency, sensitivity check) is evaluated LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  5. Goal and Scope definition • Determine objectives • Why is LCA being conducted? Comparison of the environmental performance of SOREME with commercial products • Define the target audience • Who should use the results? Partners of the project • Define the system and its alternatives • What is its function? Adsorb Hg from a gas stream • What is an appropriate functional unit? WORK IN PROGRESS • Choose system boundaries (production of SOREME from LAB scale to industrial scale) • Define the procedures for data collection and data quality requirements • How will data be collected? • Data collection sheet • Data gaps will be covered by integration with literature, sector experts judgments and LCA databases. • Define relevant environmental impact categories • Climate change, Abiotic Depletion, Acidification, Eutrophication, Photochemical Oxidation (CML 2001 Method, updated 2013) LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  6. Definition of the systems to beinvestigated SOREME PRODUCTION AND USE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS PRODUCTION AND USE water water hard coal TYRE GRANULATE electricity thermal energy electricity ACTIVATION PROCESS PYROLYSIS and ACTIVATION thermal energy syngas tar hydrochloric acid ELECTRICITY PROD. DISPOSAL/ RECOVERY Inert material Activated carbon Inert material char PELLETIZATION PROCESS PELLETIZATION PROCESS USE PHASE USE PHASE EoL TREATMENT OF EXHAUSTED SORBENT EoL TREATMENT OF EXHAUSTED SORBENT

  7. LCC analysis • The process of identifying and documenting all the costs involved over the life of an asset is known as Life Cycle Costing (LCC). When applied in parallel to LCA we can define it as Environmental LCC and is defined as “assessment of all costs associated with the life cycle of a product that are directly covered by one or more of the actors of the life cycle, including externalities that will be internalised in the near future”. • LCC: based on the same model as LCA study; data from market for the commercial sorbent LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  8. Some questions (1) • Doesitexist on the market a sorbentspecific for Hg adsorption? If yes, a correctcomparisonshould be done with it, because tocompare products/services by LCA application they must fulfil the same functions. If the commercial product can adsorb other pollutants, have you any data to support the assumption that SOREME substitute for the commercial product for all the functionsfulfilled by the latter? Have the commercial products used in Ser-Cim and EPENZ an intrinseccontent of Sulphur? • Which can be the size of SOREME market? Thisisrelated to the choice of the sizeof industrial plantthatweassume for the production of SOREME. Isitreasonable to assume an industrial planttreating 1 t/h of granulate tyre(data available from the TyGRe project)? • Coproducts of the pyrolysis process: • Syngas (electricity production? Internalusefor pyrolysis furnace?) • Tar (internaluse? Disposalprocess?) • Char: anyfurther treatment to produce the sorbent? • Pellets production: • Is the SOREME pelletizationprocessthe sameas the commercial one? • Havepelletsbeenused in Ser-Cim semi-industrial tests? LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  9. Some questions (2) • For the definition of the Functional Unit, the unit of measurement that allows the comparison of SOREME and the commercial sorbent, we need to know the amount of Hg adsorbed per unit of mass of product (SOREME or commercial) when saturation is achieved, and the composition of the product. • Are SOREME pellets20% bentonite+ 80% char? • Whichis the composition of the commercial pelletsused in the EPENZ’splant? • Is the composition of the commercial powder used in Ser-Cim70% calcium bicarbonate and 30% activated carbon? • Given a fixed volume of the filter, are the amounts of the SOREME powder and the commercial products the same? Which the amount of pellets? Do the operations of packing the filter occur under controlled conditions of humidity content? see differences of water content between commercial sorbent data sheets (humidity 1.8-6%) and TGA results for Ser-Cim tests (about 30%, also before the use) • Whichis the currentend of life of the exhaustedsorbent? Itseemsthat no reactivationispossible for SOREME. Isit the same for the commercial product? LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  10. Some questions(3) • DATA for LCC: • Prices of the commercial sorbents • Costs of disposalof the exhaustedsorbents • Haveyouany data useful for the estimate of the costs of pyrolysis and activationat industrial scale ? Costs of pelletization? • If data above discussed are available, can we agree on analysing by LCA and LCC the following two case studies? • Ser-Cim/powder filter • EPENZ/pellets LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

  11. TimeTable LIFE + 11 ENV/IT/109

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