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1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue 2 Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like 3 Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like 4 Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes 5 Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not
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1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue 2 Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like 3 Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like 4 Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes 5 Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not 6 Grizzly bears and polar bears are dangerous but black bears are not 7 Every self-respecting polar bear is a good swimmer
1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue • x(Lmx LxsLxh) • Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like • 3 Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like • 4 Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes • 5 Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 6 Grizzly bears and polar bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 7 Every self-respecting polar bear is a good swimmer
1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue • x(Lmx LxsLxh) • Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like • x(Lsx&Lrx Lmx) • 3 Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like • 4 Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes • 5 Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 6 Grizzly bears and polar bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 7 Every self-respecting polar bear is a good swimmer
1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue • x(Lmx LxsLxh) • Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like • x(Lsx&Lrx Lmx) • Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like • x(LsxLrx Lmx) • 4 Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes • 5 Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 6 Grizzly bears and polar bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 7 Every self-respecting polar bear is a good swimmer
1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue • x(Lmx LxsLxh) • Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like • x(Lsx&Lrx Lmx) • Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like • x(LsxLrx Lmx) • Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes • ~Lrm & x(Lmx Lrx) • 5 Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 6 Grizzly bears and polar bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 7 Every self-respecting polar bear is a good swimmer
1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue • x(Lmx LxsLxh) • Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like • x(Lsx&Lrx Lmx) • Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like • x(LsxLrx Lmx) • Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes • ~Lrm & x(Lmx Lrx) • Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not • x(Gx Dx) & x(Bx ~Dx) • 6 Grizzly bears and polar bears are dangerous but black bears are not • 7 Every self-respecting polar bear is a good swimmer
1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue • x(Lmx LxsLxh) • Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like • x(Lsx&Lrx Lmx) • Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like • x(LsxLrx Lmx) • Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes • ~Lrm & x(Lmx Lrx) • Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not • x(Gx Dx) & x(Bx ~Dx) • Grizzly bears and polar bears are dangerous but black bears are not • x(Gx Px Dx) & x(Bx ~Dx) • 7 Every self-respecting polar bear is a good swimmer
1 Everyone that Michael likes likes either Henry or Sue • x(Lmx LxsLxh) • Michael likes everyone that both Sue and Rita like • x(Lsx&Lrx Lmx) • Michael likes everyone that either Sue or Rita like • x(LsxLrx Lmx) • Rita doesn’t like Michael but she likes everyone that Michael likes • ~Lrm & x(Lmx Lrx) • Grizzly bears are dangerous but black bears are not • x(Gx Dx) & x(Bx ~Dx) • Grizzly bears and polar bears are dangerous but black bears are not • x(Gx Px Dx) & x(Bx ~Dx) • Every self-respecting polar bear is a good swimmer • x(Px & Rxx Sx)
UD = people 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita x(Lxs Lxr) 10 Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita 11 If anyone likes Sue, Michael does 12 If everyone likes Sue, Michael does 13 If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita
UD = people • 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita • the same as 9 • 11 If anyone likes Sue, Michael does • 12 If everyone likes Sue, Michael does • 13 If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita • 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone • 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone • 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita • 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita
UD = people • 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita • the same as 9 • If anyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • 12 If everyone likes Sue, Michael does • 13 If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita • 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone • 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone • 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita • 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita
UD = people • 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita • the same as 9 • If anyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If everyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • 13 If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita • 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone • 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone • 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita • 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita
UD = people • 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita • the same as 9 • If anyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If everyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone • 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone • 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita • 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita
UD = people • 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita • the same as 9 • If anyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If everyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone ~xLmx • 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone • 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita • 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita
UD = people • 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita • the same as 9 • If anyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If everyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone ~xLmx • 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone ~xLmx • 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita • 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita
UD = people • 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita • the same as 9 • If anyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If everyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone ~xLmx • 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone ~xLmx • 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita x(Lxs Lxr) • 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita
UD = people • 9 Anyone who likes Sue likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • Everyone who likes Sue likes Rita • the same as 9 • If anyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If everyone likes Sue, Michael does • xLxs Lms • If anyone likes Sue, he or she likes Rita • x(Lxs Lxr) • 14 Michael doesn’t like everyone ~xLmx • 15 Michael doesn’t like anyone ~xLmx • 16 If someone likes Sue, then s/he likes Rita x(Lxs Lxr) • 17 If someone likes Sue, then someone likes Rita xLxs xLxr
For 18-28: UD: Ashley, Rhoda, Terry, Clarence and their marbles a, r, t, c stand for Ashley, Rhoda, Terry, Clarence respectively Bx x is blue Gx x is green Rx x is red Sx x is a shooter Cx x is a cat’s-eye Tx x is a steely Mx x is a marble Bxy x belongs to y Wxy x wins y Gxyz x gives y to z 18 All the cat’s-eyes belong to Rhoda 19 All the marbles but the shooters are cat’s-eyes 20 Some but not all of the cat’s-eyes are green 21 None of the steelies is red green or blue
For 42 – 47: UD = everything; • Ax = x is an apple; Nxy = x is in y; Px = x is a pear; Rx = x is rotten; b = the basket • There are apples and pears in the basket • The only pear in the basket is rotten • There are at least two apples in the basket • There are two (and only two) apples in the basket • There are no more than two pears in the basket • 47 there are at least three apples in the basket
For 42 – 47: UD = everything; • Ax = x is an apple; Nxy = x is in y; Px = x is a pear; Rx = x is rotten; b = the basket • There are apples and pears in the basket • x(Px & Nxb) & x(Ax & Nxb) • The only pear in the basket is rotten • x(Px & Nxb & Rx& y(Py & Nyb y=x) ) • There are at least two apples in the basket • xy(Ax & Nxb & Ay & Nyb & xy) • There are two (and only two) apples in the basket • xy(Ax & Nxb & Ay & Nyb & xy & z(Az & Nzb (z=y z=x) ) • There are no more than two pears in the basket • xy(Ax & Nxb & Ay & Nyb & z(Az & Nzb (z=y z=x) ) • there are at least three apples in the basket • xyz (Ax & Ay & Az & Nxb & Nyb & Nzb & xy& xz& zy & w(Aw & Nwb w=x w=y w=z) )