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Chapter 16: Evolution Of Populations

Chapter 16: Evolution Of Populations. By: Sam, Chad, and Dirty Okeefe. How Common is Genetic Variation?. Genetic variation is very common because all organisms have it but not as much as others. All genetic variation is invisible because it involves differences in biochemical processes. .

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Chapter 16: Evolution Of Populations

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  1. Chapter 16: Evolution Of Populations By: Sam, Chad, and Dirty Okeefe

  2. How Common is Genetic Variation? • Genetic variation is very common because all organisms have it but not as much as others. All genetic variation is invisible because it involves differences in biochemical processes.

  3. Variation and Gene Pools • Genetic variation is studied in population. When members of a population interbreed, they share genes called gene pool. • Gene pool has all genes, including the different alleles, that are in the population. • The relative frequency of an allele is the number of times that the allele occurs in gene pool, compared with the number of times other alleles for the same gene occur. • In genetic terms, evolution is the change in relative frequency in a population.

  4. Sources of Genetic Variation • The main sources are mutations & genetic shuffling that results from sexual reproduction. • Mutations is any change in a sequence of DNA, some can affect an organism’s fitness, and ability to reproduce. • Gene shuffling during the production of the gametes by chromosomes moving indendently though meiosis and by crossing over.

  5. Single-Gene and Polygenic Traits • Among humans a windows peak a downward dip in the center of the hairline is a single-gene trait. • Many traits are controlled by two or more genes and are therefore called polygenic traits

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