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Understanding Electrical Circuits: Basics, Components, and Concepts

Explore basic electrical concepts like current, voltage, and power, along with components such as resistors, LEDs, and capacitors. Learn about series and parallel connections, node analysis, and more. Discover the essentials of electrical circuits with clear explanations and practical examples to deepen your understanding. Visit the provided links for additional resources and information on electronic components. Enhance your knowledge of electrical engineering principles and applications.

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Understanding Electrical Circuits: Basics, Components, and Concepts

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  1. INEL 4075 Electrical Circuits Dr. Sandra Cruz-Pol Professor Electrical & Computer Engineering UPRM

  2. Basic Concepts • Current • Voltage • Power Flujo de cargas Energía necesaria para que fluya Razón de tiempo a la que se consume o provee energía

  3. Example The battery of a flashlight develops 3V, and the current through the bulb is 200mA. What power is absorbed by the bulb? Find the energy absorbed by the bulb in a 5-minunte period. Answers: p= 0.6W, w= 180J

  4. Electrical Circuits • We will take a look at several electricity components & concepts: • Resistors • Series & Parallel Connections • Independent (e.g. Batteries) and Dependent Sources • Capacitors, Inductors • LED • Nodes • Chips (IC) It most have a closed loop

  5. Meet the Concepts: Resistor Resistors- reduce or resist the flow of electrons

  6. v= Ri p= + v - i

  7. Series Connection Ley de Ohm V= I R

  8. Parallel Connection Elements connect on both legs. I = V / R

  9. Fuentes independientes • Es un generador de corriente o voltaje cuyo valor no depende de los componentes u otras variables en el circuito. + - v2= 3 (V)

  10. Fuentes Dependientes • Modelan comportamiento que depende de otro voltaje o corriente. • Se usan para modelar transistores y amplificadores. + - v = 5i

  11. Metros • Voltímetro – se conecta en paralelo • Amperímetro- se conecta en serie

  12. Otros elementos • Transducers - Convierten cantidades físicas en cantidades eléctricas • Interruptores (switches) – conectan o abren el circuito

  13. What is a Node? How many nodes are in this circuit?

  14. LED • Light emitting diodes (LED) like regular light bulbs but that are actually semiconductors that shine when an electrical current passes through them in a specific direction. • Low Power consumption!  + http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/components/led.htm

  15. What is a circuit Board? Nodes?

  16. Electronic Doorbell Switch Speaker

  17. Electro-magnet ***Warning!! It can get HOT.

  18. Where to find this material? • http://ece.uprm.edu/~pol Also look at: • http://casa.ece.uprm.edu • http://ece.uprm.edu/climmate

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