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Chapter 9 – The Greek World

Chapter 9 – The Greek World. Sparta and Athen s Fight. Essential Questions. What were the causes and effects of the Peloponnesian War?. A. Athenian Power. Many city-states formed an alliance, or an agreement to work together.

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Chapter 9 – The Greek World

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  1. Chapter 9 – The Greek World Sparta and Athens Fight

  2. Essential Questions What were the causes and effects of the Peloponnesian War?

  3. A. Athenian Power • Many city-states formed an alliance, or an agreement to work together. • They agreed to defend each other and to protect trade in the Aegean Sea. • Each city-state gave money to the alliance. • The money was kept on the island of Delos, historians called the alliance the Delian League.

  4. A. Athenian Power • Athens was the strongest member of the league. • They began to treat the other league members as subjects. • The refused to let members quit the league and forced more cities to join it. • Without even fighting, the Athenians made the Delian League an Athenian empire.

  5. B. The Peloponnesian War • The Delian League was not the only alliance in Greece. • Many cities in southern Greece, including Sparta, banded together as well. • This alliance was called the Peloponnesian League. • To stop Athen’s growth, Sparta declared war, which began the Peloponnesian War.

  6. B. The Peloponnesian War • In 431 BC, the Spartan army marched north to Athens, surrounding the city and waiting for the Athenians to come out and fight. • The Athenians did not come out and fight. • Instead, the Spartans began to burn the crops in the fields around Athens hoping Athens would run out of food and be forced to surrender. • The Athenians brought in food, instead, through the navy.

  7. B. The Peloponnesian War • For 10 years neither side could gain an advantage over the other. Eventually they agreed to a truce. • Athens kept its empire, and the Spartans went home. • In 415 BC, Athens sent its army and navy to conquer the island of Sicily, but the effort failed. • The entire Athenian army was defeated by Sicilian allies of Sparta and taken prisoner. The Athenian navy was also destroyed.

  8. B. The Peloponnesian War • Since Athens was weak, Sparta attacked Athens again and the war started up once more. • In 404 BC, the Athenians surrendered, the Peloponnesian War was over, and Sparta was in control.

  9. c. Fighting Among City-States • For about 30 years, Sparta was the most powerful city-state in Greece. • Other city-states in Greece resented this control which led to a period of war. • The fighting went on for many years, Greece was weakened, and was left open to attack from the outside.

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