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ChemE 260 Isobaric and Isochoric Processes, Thermodynamic Cycles

ChemE 260 Isobaric and Isochoric Processes, Thermodynamic Cycles. Dr. William Baratuci Senior Lecturer Chemical Engineering Department University of Washington TCD 4: E & F CB 4: Supplements (2). April 12, 2005. Isobaric Processes. P = constant 1 st Law closed system, integral form

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ChemE 260 Isobaric and Isochoric Processes, Thermodynamic Cycles

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  1. ChemE 260 Isobaric and Isochoric Processes,Thermodynamic Cycles Dr. William Baratuci Senior Lecturer Chemical Engineering Department University of Washington TCD 4: E & FCB 4: Supplements (2) April 12, 2005

  2. Isobaric Processes • P = constant • 1st Law • closed system, integral form • Assume: Epot = 0 and Ekin = 0 • IF boundary work is theonly form of work: • Definition of boundary work: • 1st Law becomes: Baratuci ChemE 260 April 12, 2005

  3. Isochoric Processes • V = constant • 1st Law • closed system, integral form • Assume: Epot = 0 and Ekin = 0 • IF boundary work is theonly form of work: • Definition of boundary work: • 1st Law becomes: Baratuci ChemE 260 April 12, 2005

  4. Cycle Types and Characterization • Three types of cycles • Power Cycles or Heat Engines • Refrigeration Cycles • Heat Pump Cycles • How to Categorize Systems that Undergo Cycles • Open vs. Closed Cycles • Closed Cycles: use a working fluid that never leaves the system • Open Cycles: take in fresh fluid and reject the used fluid when the cycle is complete. Usually the fluid is air. • Gas vs. Vapor Cycles • Vapor Cycles: take advantage of a phase change in the fluid • Gas Cycles: the fluid always remains in the gas phase. The fluid is usually air or an air-fuel mixture (as in an internal combustion engine). Baratuci ChemE 260 April 12, 2005

  5. Hot QH HE WHE QC Cold Power Cycles • 1st Law: • Tie-fighter Diagrams • No sign convention !All quantities are positive. • 1st Law : • Thermal Efficiency: Baratuci ChemE 260 April 12, 2005

  6. Hot QH Ref Wref QC Cold Refrigeration Cycles • 1st Law: • Tie-fighter Diagram • No sign convention !All quantities are positive. • 1st Law : • Coefficient of Performance: Baratuci ChemE 260 April 12, 2005

  7. Hot QH HP WHP QC Cold Heat Pump Cycles • 1st Law: • Tie-fighter Diagram • No sign convention !All quantities are positive. • 1st Law : • Coefficient of Performance: Baratuci ChemE 260 April 12, 2005

  8. Next Class … • Problem Session • After that… • Chapter 5 – 1st Law of Thermodynamics for Open Systems • After that… • Review for Test #1 • After that… • Test #1 Baratuci ChemE 260 April 12, 2005

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