Expressing Personal Interests and Exercise Benefits

1. List_preview Preview Ⅰ. Objectives Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan Ⅲ. Background Information Ⅳ. Class Presentation

2. preview Preview In this unit, you are going to learn about running and walking and what benefits you can get from each exercise. In the Listening and Speaking section, you will learn how to express personal interests and state likes and dislikes. In the Reading and Writing section, two basic skills needed for running are discussed in Text A; Text B describes what exercise can do for us; and, while most people believe that running is a better exercise than walking, Text C offers a quite different view.

3. objective Ⅰ. Objectives After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to • master the basic language and skills to express personal interests and state likes and dislikes; • 2. understand the main idea of Texts A, B and C, and master the useful sentence structures, words and expressions found in the relevant exercises of the first two texts; • 3. know how to use the present perfect and the past perfect; • 4. know how to write a business card in English; • 5. understand the signal words in an English passage (2).

4. ST1 Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan Suggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 4 Plan Contents Time The teacher explains the Preview to make sure that the students have some idea of what the present unit is about. After that, the teacher activates the Listening and Speaking exercises as follows: 2 periods Preview

5. ST2 Plan Contents Time 1) Expressing Personal Interests Listening and Speaking • Do a warm-up activity by asking • students to express their personal interests; • B. Solicit the language for personal interests and present it on the chalkboard during the class interaction before listening; • C. Listen to Exercise 1(1-3 times) and fill in the blanks with the missing words;

6. ST3 Time Plan Contents D. Ask two students to read aloud the short talks to check their written responses; E. Ask other students to express their personal interests using the structures given in Exercise 2. 2) Stating Likes and Dislikes • Go through the new words in the 1st dialogue in Exercise 3;

7. ST4 Time Plan Contents B. Listen to the dialogue twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words; C. Work with the question and answer exercises creatively; D. Look for the language used to state likes and dislikes; E. Act out the dialogue; F. Either do the same with the 2nd dialogue or be flexible with it; G. Study the structures presented in Exercise 4, and create situations for

8. ST5 Time Plan Contents the dialogues in which students can state likes and dislikes. 3) Listening Practice Before ending class, the teacher tells the students how to do Exercises 5-10 as their assignment. The teacher also tells the students that they should be prepared to answer the questions in Exercise 9 and give an oral presentation when they next come to class.

9. ST6 Time Plan Contents 3 periods The teacher begins with the assignment mainly to review the functional and notional language the students acquired in the previous unit. The teacher asks some students to answer the questions in Exercise 9 of the Listening and Speaking section and invites a few to give an oral class presentation, telling their classmates of their likes and dislikes. Then, the teacher turns Review of the listening and speaking skills the students have learned

10. ST7 Plan Time Contents Text A & text-related exercises to the Reading and Writing section. (These activities should be completed within 20 minutes.) 1) Starter • After a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacher • organizes group discussion • among the students to list the • benefits of running and other • physical exercise; (10 minutes)

11. ST8 Time Plan Contents B. asks the students a) to report their discussion. If the students have difficulty doing this, the teacher should give them the information about the benefits of physical exercise provided in the following Part III Background Information; b) to complete Exercise 1 in Starter. (15 minutes)

12. ST9 Time Plan Contents points while discussing the whole text with them. (one and a half periods) B. guides the students through the exercises, focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises as the students homework, according to the students different levels of English. (one period)

13. ST10 Time Plan Contents 1) Grammar Review The teacher talks about the Present Perfect and the Past Perfect, and especially emphasizes the difference between the Past Tense and the Present Perfect Tense; then he/she asks the students to do the grammar exercises in class. Grammar Review 1 period

14. ST11 Time Plan Contents Practical Writing 2) Practical Writing The teacher tells as well as shows the students how to write a business card in English by doing Exercise 11, and then requires the students to complete the form in Exercise 12 in class with his/her help.

15. ST12 Plan Contents Time 1) Text B 2 period Text B, Text C & text-related exercises, While discussing the text with the students, the teacher introduces briefly the concept of the topic sentence, and asks the students to identify the signal words in the text and do Exercise 13. The rest of the exercises for Text B can be done either in or after class.

16. ST13 Time Plan Contents 2) Text C Basic Reading Skills This text should be read as homework by the students themselves or done as fast reading in class, depending on the time left. 3) Basic Reading Skills The teacher tells the students how to identify and use adversative words in an English article, and what their functions are, and then invites the students to find out the signal words in Text A.

17. BI Ⅲ. Background Information Running Physical Fitness Benefits of Exercise Calories Burned During Exercise

18. BI_running1 Running Running has been around as long as humans have, but it did not become a popular activity for the masses until the 1970s. American physician Kenneth Cooper’s book Aerobics (1968) is considered one of the first inspirations for this growth. The book demonstrated the considerable health gains that could be derived from regular workouts that emphasized cardiovascular fitness. Other people credit American Frank Shorter and his gold medal in the marathon at the 1972 Olympics with sparking a surge of interest in running. In the years following his win, a number of books and periodicals devoted to running emerged.

19. BI_running1 Today running is firmly established as both a recreational pursuit and a training tool; it is practiced by millions of people to get in shape, stay fit, and have fun. There are many different kinds of runners, from casual joggers to regular race runners to ultra marathoners who run 100 miles at a time. Each runner should have a specific training regimen tailored to the individual’s goals and abilities. A good schedule for a beginner is to run 20 minutes at a time, every other day. Occasionally, additional time off is needed because of illness or injury. Depending on the length of the break, it is often advisable to work back into a regular workout gradually, rather than jumping back into the normal routine immediately.

20. BI_running2 In the short term, there are techniques that can help a runner perform better. Mixing in higher speed workouts is one strategy, but this can lead to injury unless the individual builds up to them gradually. Hill and trail running builds strength, and weightlifting can also help. Massage and whirlpools can help muscles recover faster between workouts. A healthy diet is also beneficial. Some distance runners find that eating foods high in carbohydrates (such as pasta) in the days before a big race provides their bodies with more fuel. Many runners will at some point want to enter a race, to push themselves and to perhaps see how they compare with other runners at their age and experience level. Many areas have a variety of local 5-or 10-km (3.1mi or 6.2mi) road runs.

21. BI_running3 To finish a 5-kilometer (or 5K) race, the runner should be able to run up to 30 minutes at a time in training.

22. Physical Fitness BI_Physcial fitness Physical fitness is the ability of the human body to function with vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue, and with ample energy to engage in leisure activities, and to meet physical stresses. The level of physical fitness can be influenced by regular, systematic exercise. Exercises that demand total body involvement improve and maintain fitness most effectively-for example, jogging, running, swimming, vigorous dancing, cycling, and brisk walking. Normal, healthy individuals may plan their own exercise programs. The general rule is to exercise only until discomfort is experienced-that is, until breathing becomes labored, circulation seems inadequate, or

23. BI_Physcial fitness fatigue influences performance. People with health problems People with health problems caused by heart attacks, strokes, and illness should see a physician before devising an exercise program. Proper nutrition is also important to physical fitness, because energy expenditure depends on nutrition. If diet is inadequate, the fitness level will drop.

24. BI_Benefits of Exercise1 Benefits of Exercise The benefits of exercise are far reaching. Studies have demonstrated that regular aerobic exercise reduces the risk of death due to heart disease and stroke, aids in reducing weight, helps prevent diabetes mellitus, strengthens bones, and enhances immune function. The psychological benefits are also broad, and most studies suggest a positive relationship between physical fitness and mental achievement. The relationship between regular aerobic exercise and cardiovascular health and longevity is well established. Regular exercise leads to a reduction in the risk of coronary heart disease, in which fatty deposits (plaque) form in blood

25. BI_Benefits of Exercise1 vessels supplying the muscular wall of the heart, compromising oxygen delivery to the heart muscle. In addition, with regular exercise the efficiency of the heart during exercise is increased. Many people exercise to lose weight. A calorie is a unit that measures the energy content of foods and the energy expenditure by the body. When the daily calorie intake from food is the same as calories expended from exercise, weight remains the same. The number of calories burned during exercise varies greatly with the type of physical activity, but the key to successful weight reduction is to exercise regularly, without increasing food intake proportionally.

26. BI_Benefits of Exercise2 One area of controversy has been how much exercise is enough to improve general health, reduce the risk of heart disease, and increase longevity. Meaningful studies on this topic are very difficult to perform because they require large populations of subjects and many years of data collection, and because poor health sometimes results in limitations to physical activity. Despite these difficulties, it is clear that regular exercise, along with a generally healthy lifestyle, is beneficial. People who have sedentary lifestyles make up half the population of industrialized societies, and this group has the most to gain by exercising.

27. BI_Calories Burned During Exercise1 Calories Burned During Exercise The table below shows calories burned per hour for different activities. The amount of calories used during physical activity depends on a person’s body mass and the intensity of the activity.

28. Calories Burned During Exercise BI_Calories Burned During Exercise2

29. Class Presentation Ⅳ. Class Presentation Listening & Speaking Reading & Writing Time for Fun

30. Listening & Speaking Listening & Speaking Expressing Personal Interests Expressing Likes and Dislikes Listening Practice

31. Lp-main Listening Practice Listen to people speaking and decide what they are talking about. 5 Listen to the following questions and choose the appropriate answers. 6 Listen to the following short dialogues and choose the appropriate answers. 7 Listen to the following talk and fill in the blanks with the missing words. The talk is given twice. 8

32. Lp-main Listening Practice 9 Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questions orally. Tell your classmates three reasons why you want to be a college student, using the following words and expressions. 10

33. Expressing Personal Interests1.1 Expressing Personal Interests You are going to listen to two students talking about their personal interests. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words. 1. Wang Ying: You know what I like? I like music. It can make me . It can make me . It can also make me . Wherever I go, I’ll take music . I listen to it while walking, riding on the bus, even while reading somewhere. Music is in the world. feel happy _________ __________ feel excited feel sad _______ _______ with me the most beautiful language ______________________

34. Expressing Personal Interests1.2 enjoy running ___________ Li Ming: Oh, I love outdoor(户外) sports. I in the suburbs(郊外) on weekends. I often run alone. I’m nature while running. I can . I can . And I can . I am crazy (热衷的) about nature. Outdoor sports make me nature. _______ close to ___________ watch nature __________ _________ hear nature feel nature part of ______

35. Expressing Personal Interests2 Now you can tell your classmates about your personal interests using the structures given below. 2. 1. I like… 2. I love… 3. I enjoy DOING… 4. I’m fond of… 5. I’m crazy about… 6. I’m into…

36. Expressing Likes and Dislikes3.1 Expressing Likes and Dislikes 3. • Before you listen to the first conversation, read the following words and expressions which may be new to you. feel like sth. 想做什么 get one’s mind off work 暂时忘记工作 take it easy 放松一些 do sb. good 对某人有好处 stand 经受；经得起 give it a try尝试一下

37. Expressing Likes and Dislikes3.2 Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words. Li Ming: I feel like a really good run this weekend. It’ll get my mind off work. How ? about you ________ Wang Ying: Well, I think I’ll take it easy. I’ll to get some information. go online ________ Li Ming: Come on. You need physical exercise. You need fresh air. It’ll . do you good __________ Wang Ying: I running. It’s boring. can’t stand __________

38. Expressing Likes and Dislikes3.3 ______ love it Li Ming: Oh yeah? But I when I run in the suburbs. I’m sure you will. give it a try _________ Wang Ying: I don’t think I’ll . Li Ming: Oh, yes, you can take your MP3 with you. while you are running. Enjoy the music _____________ Wang Ying: Good idea. I’ll . join you _______ Li Ming:Good. See you then. Wang Ying: See you.

39. Expressing Likes and Dislikes3.5 Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions. 1. What is Li Ming doing this weekend? He’s doing some running this weekend. 2. What is Wang Ying planning to do this weekend? She’s planning to go online for information thisweekend. 3. What does Li Ming ask Wang Ying to do? He asks her to do physical exercise for health.

40. Expressing Likes and Dislikes3.5 Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions. 4. What does Wang Ying think of running? It’s boring. 5. Do you think Wang Ying is going to run with Li Ming this weekend? Why or why not? I think so, because she’ll listen to her MP3 while running with him.

41. Expressing Likes and Dislikes3.6 2) Before you listen to the second conversation, read the following words and expressions which may be new to you. can’t stand it 无法容忍它 direct 直率的

42. Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words. Expressing Likes and Dislikes3.7 Li Ming: What do you think of the movie? _________ was great Wang Ying: That ! But I can’t stand it when during a movie. someone talks ____________ Li Ming: I feel the same way. You know, I can’t stand it when . people are late ____________ Wang Ying: You’re talking , right? about me ________ Li Ming:Well. Wang Ying: It’s OK. I when people are direct. _____ like it Li Ming:You want a ? ____ drink Wang Ying: Yes, please.

43. Expressing Likes and Dislikes3.8 Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions. 1. Where have Wang Ying and Li Ming been? They’ve been to the movies. 2.How was the movie? It was great. 3. What does Wang Ying dislike? She can't stand it when someone talks during a movie. 4. What does Li Ming dislike? He hates it when people are late. 5. Who do you think is direct? Li Ming.

44. Expressing Likes and Dislikes4 Make a dialogue in class, asking for personal interests and expressing your likes and dislikes. Try to use the structures given below. 4. 1. Do you take much interest in…? 2. Are you interested in…? 1. I like it when people…. 2. It makes me happy when a friend/someone…. 3. I can’t stand it when people…. 4. It really bothers(烦扰) me when someone/ a person….

45. M: Good news! I’ve found a summer job! KEY script W: That’s great! Anything interesting? Listening Practice5.1 Listening Practice Listen to people speaking and decide what they are talking about. 5. 1. A) A job. B) A vacation(假期). C) A newspaper. D) A movie.

46. M: They certainly smell good. KEY script W: Mmm. They are good. Listening Practice5.2 2. A) Music. B) Weather. C) Food. D) Flowers.

47. M: Can you help me? I’m doing my homework, and I can’t understand this word. KEY script W: Which one? Oh, that’s difficult. I’m sorry. Listening Practice5.3 3. A) Classmates. B) Homework. C) Housework. D) Parents.

48. W: What’s on television tonight? KEY script M: There’s a good movie on after the seven o’clock news. Listening Practice5.4 4. A) Making a plan B) Going to the movies. C) Doing homework. D) Watching TV.

49. KEY script Listening Practice5.5 5. M:Well, about music, for example. Do you like music? W:Yes, I do. I like light music. A) Music. B) Love. C) People. D) Friends.

50. KEY script Listening Practice6.1 6. Listen to five questions and choose the appropriate answers. 1. I’m going out of town. A) Here we are. B) There you go. C) Oh, where are you going? D) Oh, where have you been?