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Reversible Data Hiding. Zhicheng Ni, Yun-Qing Shi, Nirwan Ansari, and Wei Su IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 16, NO. 3, MARCH 2006. Reporter : Chien-Ting Kuo. Outline. 1. Introduction 2. Proposed Algorithm 3. Experimental Results 4. Conclusions.
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Reversible Data Hiding Zhicheng Ni, Yun-Qing Shi, Nirwan Ansari, and Wei Su IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 16, NO. 3, MARCH 2006 Reporter : Chien-Ting Kuo
Outline • 1.Introduction • 2. Proposed Algorithm • 3.Experimental Results • 4.Conclusions
1. Introduction • A novel reversible data hiding algorithm, which can recover the original image without any distortion from the marked image after the hidden data have been extracted, is presented in this paper. • It can embed more data than many of the existing reversible data hiding algorithms. • This lower bound of PSNR is much higher than that of all reversible data hiding techniques reported in the literature.
Introduction Lena image: (a) original, and (b) marked (PSNR = 48.2 dB)
2. Proposed Algorithm • generating the histogram
2. Proposed Algorithm • modifying selected range Find Peak point a & Zero Point b Increase 1 with a-b range value
2. Proposed Algorithm • embedding hidden data If Embed 1 : Keep the value (a+1) If Embed 0 : (a+1) a
Proposed Example By Step 1 : Find Peak Point a = 200 Zero Point b = 230
Proposed Example Step 2 : All value between a-b Increase 1
Proposed Example Embedding Binary string 00000011000001110000111100000001 If embed value “0” (a+1) a If embed value “1” (a+1) is still (a+1) a= 200 , a+1 = 201
Proposed Example Embedding Binary string 00000011000001110000111100000001 If embed value “0” (a+1) a If embed value “1” (a+1) is still (a+1) a= 200 , a+1 = 201
Proposed Example Embedding Binary string 00000011000001110000111100000001 If embed value “0” (a+1) a If embed value “1” (a+1) is still (a+1) a= 200 , a+1 = 201
Proposed Example Embedding Binary string 00000011000001110000111100000001 If embed value “0” (a+1) a If embed value “1” (a+1) is still (a+1) a= 200 , a+1 = 201
Proposed Example Embedding Binary string 00000011000001110000111100000001 If embed value “0” (a+1) a If embed value “1” (a+1) is still (a+1) a= 200 , a+1 = 201
Proposed Example (multi pair) • Find a point having a larger histogram value in each of the following three maximum point pairs {h(a1),h(a12)} , {h(a21),h(a23)} , {h(a32),h(a3)} • assume h(a1), h(a23) , h(a3) are the three selected maximum points. • Then {h(a1),h(b1)} , {h(a23),h(b2)} , {h(a3),h(b3)} are the three pairs of maximum and minimum points
5. Conclusion • proposed reversible data hiding technique is able to embed about 5–80 kb into a (512 X 512 X 8) grayscale image while guaranteeing the PSNR of the marked image versus the original image to be above 48 dB. • This algorithm is quite simple, and the execution time is rather short. the computational complexity is • With a computer Intel Celeron 1.4 GHz and the software Matlab 6.5, the total embedding time needed for the Lena image (512 X 512 X 8) is just 100 ms.