greenfuels.co.uk biodiesel.co.uk greenfuelsresearch

1. www.greenfuels.co.uk www.biodiesel.co.uk www.greenfuelsresearch.com ‘From Royal Trains to Jet planes’ James Hygate Founder & CEO

2. Green Fuels • Founded 2003 • Design, manufacture and supply technology for distributed-scale biodiesel production • Installed capacity of over 400 million litres per year • Equipment in over 50 countries on 5 continents • Patents in processing technology & bio-aviation fuel • Royal Warrant of Appointment

3. Distributed-scale approach • Locate facility close to source of supply • Relatively low capital cost, rapid payback • Reduces impact of transport on cost and carbon budget • Consistent high quality fuel • Builds community involvement • Improves traceability in feedstock-to-fuel cycle • Ideal for emerging markets, islands, cities and closed loop recycling Closed-loop recycling of waste oil into fuel for logistics fleet at distribution centre for McDonald’s in Dubai, UAE 20,000 lpd FuelMatic GSX 20 being installed for diesel co-operative in Massachusetts

4. Technology • Scaled for distributed, rapid-deployment and mobile applications: • Standardised, factory built and tested • Skid mounted and containerised options • Touch screen PLC controlled with remote access • Use proven transesterification method with patented separation technology (US 8,562,841) • No water requirement, can operate off-grid • Commercially proven globally with variety of feedstocks • Micro onsite installations from 50 litres per day • Commercial installations from 1,000 litres/day to 50,000 litres/day • Fuel used in a variety of applications….

5. Case study: Closed loop recycling • Co-locating at DC’s the refineries are located at the oil well and point of use - maximising margin and demonstrable carbon savings • McDonald’s currently recycle 12.5 million gallons of used cooking oil per year in the USA alone • Co-location minimises:- collection, consolidation and brokerage costs - enabling dramatic margin increase • Primary driver is the demonstrable LC CO2 saving over using fossil fuel • But in most locations its also cheaper than traditional fuel sources. Used oil New oil Biodiesel Used oil

6. Case study: diesel-electric locomotive • Royal Train – used by UK Royal Family for official duties • Hauled by Class 67 diesel-electric locomotives with 1.9MW output • Running on 100% Green Fuels-supplied biodiesel since 2007 • Anecdotal report of improved fuel economy with biodiesel vs. mineral diesel

7. Case study: Combined Heat and Power • PWC Headquarters London • CHP system providing all heating and cooling and 25% of electrical demand. • Operating on 100% biodiesel produced in a Green Fuels FuelMatic from locally sourced UCO • Highest BREEAM outstanding rating Worldwide • Being rolled out to other sites

8. Case study: Rural locations • Tapachula, Mexico • Serving regional airport, providing biodiesel for local transport • Fuel used as B100 for transport to COP 16 • Provides model for future decentralised production of aviation biofuel

9. Case study: BioJet 1 • US subsidiary provided the biodiesel for ‘Green Flight’, the world’s first B100 jet aircraft flight • The plane was an Czechoslovakian L29 Delfin jet fighter / trainer from the early 1960s • The flight was performed at the Stead air field in Reno, Nevada on October 5, 2007 • Started our research into bio-aviation fuels…..

10. The aviation biofuel market • Global jet fuel demand 6 MBPD by 2020 = $262bn • IATA: 6% of fuel to be alternative by 2020 • EU: 600 MGPY of aviation biofuel by 2020 • USA: 1,500 MGPY by 2020 • Addressable global market - $15B by 2020 MBPD, million barrels per day; MGPY, million (US) gallons per year

11. Jet biofuel patent • Based on hydro-processed fatty acid esters HEFA • Drop-in biofuel so no adaptation to infrastructure or aircraft • US Patent 8,715,374 Issued May 6th 2014 • Granted claims cover fuel composition • Fuel composition is wide ranging and encompasses hydroprocessed FAME

12. Why Green Fuels Biojet? • Low feedstock dependency • Close to market, ASTM approved and applicable at any scale • FAME input is free from glycerine contamination, reducing the energy required to the process oil. • Freeze separating the fractions allows selection of the optimum fraction of FAME for onward processing into jet fuel and other high value products. • Removes components responsible for low-temperature gelling as well as for oxidative instability.   • The technology can be retrofitted to existing biodiesel facilities that have a secure feedstock supply • By co-locating at exiting biodiesel facilities we minimise permitting time and costs

13. Technology MeOH Glycerol High- n-3 triglyceride oil Transesterification H2 n-3 esters H2O Low-temperature freeze fractionation Saturated esters FAME mixture Higher-temperature freeze fractionation n-6, n-9, saturated esters Hydrolysis Hydrogenation Ester/alkane fuel n-6, n-9 esters n-6, n-9 mono-unsaturates MeOH H2 H2O Glycerol Low- n-3 triglyceride oil Transesterification Saturated esters Higher-temperature freeze fractionation FAME mixture Hydrolysis Hydrogenation Ester/alkane fuel n-6, n-9 esters n-6, n-9 mono-unsaturates

14. Fuel properties

15. FA compositions

16. Cost analysis – UCO • A typical UCO would provide approximately: • 76% jet fuel • 17% road fuel • 7% n-3

17. Opportunities in Brazil • Today bioenergy represents around 30% of the Brazilian energy makeup • Great potential for the decentralised processing of used cooking oil into biodiesel • Ethanol mills looking at biodiesel production to fuel farming operations • Mining companies looking at biodiesel production for internal use • Huge opportunity for the production and use of bio-aviation fuels as outlined in ‘Flightpath to aviation biofuels in Brazil’

19. Contact details Green Fuels Ltd. Future House Staverton Technology Park Cheltenham Gloucestershire GL51 6TQ +44 208 133 3869 james.hygate@greenfuels.co.uk www.greenfuels.co.uk www.greenfuelsresearch.com