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GEOLOGISTS RECOGNIZE THREE TYPES OF ROCKS Igneous – rocks that cool from a molten state.

GEOLOGISTS RECOGNIZE THREE TYPES OF ROCKS Igneous – rocks that cool from a molten state. Sedimentary – rocks that form from the eroded and weathered particles of pre-existing rocks, a “re-cycled rock”.

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GEOLOGISTS RECOGNIZE THREE TYPES OF ROCKS Igneous – rocks that cool from a molten state.

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  1. GEOLOGISTS RECOGNIZE • THREE TYPES OF ROCKS • Igneous – rocks that cool from a molten state. • Sedimentary – rocks that form from the eroded and weathered particles of pre-existing rocks, a “re-cycled rock”. • Metamorphic – rocks that form by the alteration of pre-existing rocks through heat and pressure.

  2. 1) IGNEOUS ROCKS • 2 Types: • Extrusive – Cool quickly at or near the surface. Small crystals, fine texture. • Intrusive – Cool Slowly beneath the ground. Large crystals, coarse texture.

  3. Igneous RockClassification High Amount of Quartz Low Pumice XXX Scoria Obsidian Vesicular Glassy

  4. Geology Dept. Death Valley – Grand Canyon Field Trip: Obsidian in a Rhyolite Flow

  5. IGNEOUS ROCK BODIES

  6. IGNEOUS ROCKS COOL FROM A MOLTEN STATE • MOLTEN ROCKS ARE CALLED MAGMA • DEEP WITHIN THE EARTH HEAT AND PRESSURE • CAUSE ROCKS TO MELT • MAGMA IS A COMBINATION OF MOLTEN ROCK • AND THE DISSOLVED GASES IT CONTAINS • WHAT HAPPENS WHEN MAGMA COOLS?

  7. INTRUSIVEIGNEOUSROCKBODIES

  8. Intrusive Igneous Rock Bodies: • a) Smaller Bodies – Sills, Dikes & Laccoliths Dike Sill

  9. DIKE : CROSS-CUTS HOST ROCK

  10. SILL: PARALLEL TO HOST ROCK

  11. Intrusive Igneous Rock Bodies: • b) Large Bodies – Plutons & Batholiths

  12. SIZE OF BATHOLITHS

  13. UNDERSTANDING • CRYSTALLIZATION • Precipitation from • a saturated solution

  14. UNDERSTANDING CRYSTALLIZATION 2) Crystallizing from a cooling melt

  15. BOWEN’S REACTION SERIES Temperatures at which silicate minerals crystallize out of a cooling melt 1200o 600o

  16. MAGMA BODIES AREHETEROGENEOUS: THEY HAVE MANYDIFFERENT SOURCESAND CREATE MANY DIFFERENT KINDS OFROCKS.

  17. B) EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS: VOLCANOES

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