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Centralizing Power

Centralizing Power. Medieval England and France. William the Conqueror 1066-1087). Illegitimate son of Robert Duke of Normandy Married Mathilda, daughter of Count Baldwin of Flanders Brought archers and cavalry to claim English throne; Harold’s infantry had neither

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Centralizing Power

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  1. Centralizing Power Medieval England and France

  2. William the Conqueror 1066-1087) • Illegitimate son of Robert Duke of Normandy • Married Mathilda, daughter of Count Baldwin of Flanders • Brought archers and cavalry to claim English throne; Harold’s infantry had neither • Crowned king Christmas Day 1066 • Half brother Odo, bishop of Bayeux serves as regent when William absent

  3. Henry I (1100-1135) • Younger brother of William Rufus (II) • Crowned three days after brother’s death in a hunting accident • Nickname “Beauclerc” indicates he had received some learning possibly in preparation for career in the church • Legitimate sons drowned; succeeded by nephew Stephen since barons opposed to female ruler (daughter Matilda)

  4. Henry II (1154-1189) • Spent only 13 years in France; 21 on the continent • Ruled an empire from Scotland to the Pyrenees • Died in France fighting his son Richard who had joined forces with the French King

  5. Richard the Lionheart (1189-1199) • Went on crusade 1190 • Captured by the Holy Roman Emperor and held for ransom • 150,000 silver marks • John’s efforts to seize the crown blocked by Eleanor of Aquitaine

  6. John (1199-1216) • Nicknamed Lackland and Soft sword • Excommunicated in 1209 • Forced to sign Magna Carta as peace treaty ending rebellion of barons • England is in Civil War when John dies; barons have asked French king to rule

  7. British Hat Rack

  8. Hugh Capet (987-996) • Chosen instead of the last Carolingian • Spent much of is reign fighting • Ruled with son Robert • Gave away his lands to secure the dynasty

  9. Philip II (Augustus) 1165-1223 • More than doubled domains of French king • Fought major barons and won before taking on John • Began the building of Notre Dame • Walled the city of Paris

  10. Louis IX (the Pious) (1226-1270) • Curbed private feudal warfare • Encouraged use of Roman law • Went on 7th Crusade 1248; stayed in the Holy Land until 1254 • Helped to fortify cities • Died on 8th crusade

  11. Philip IV (The Fair) 1285-1314 • Arrested Jews and seized their assets • Levied a 50% tax on clergy’s income • Arrested Knights Templar and may have seized their significant treasury • Trying to pay for the costly crusades of his predecessors in part and for the increased cost of war • Expands bureaucratic model

  12. French Hat Rack

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