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Chapter 31 Section 3

Explore the successes of the Allies during World War II, from pushing back the Axis powers to liberating occupied lands and turning the tide of war. Witness the resilience of soldiers and civilians alike.

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Chapter 31 Section 3

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  1. The Global Conflict: Allied Successes Chapter 31 Section 3

  2. Setting the Scene World War II was fought on a larger scale and in more places than any other conflict in history. It was also more costly in terms of human life than any previous war. Civilians, as well as soldiers, were targets. In 1941, a reporter visited a Russian town that had been home to 10,000 people before the German invasion. The reporter found a lone survivor: "She was a blind old woman who had gone insane. I saw her wandering barefooted around the village, carrying a few dirty rags, a rusty pail, and a tattered sheepskin.” From 1939 until mid-1942, the Axis ran up a string of successes. The conquerors blasted villages and towns and divided up the spoils. Then the Allies won some key victories. Slowly, the tide began to turn.

  3. I. Occupied Lands - Europe The Axis set out to build a "new order" in the occupied landsof Europe, Asia and the Pacific

  4. I. Occupied Lands - Europe The Nazis stripped conquered nations of art, factories, and resources; “inferior races” to forced to work as slave laborers The World Jewish Congress says the Nazis seized up to $30 billion worth of art Slave laborers in the Buchenwald concentration camp

  5. I. Occupied Lands - Europe Hitler's policy was to kill all "racially inferior" people – Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, homosexuals, communists, the mentally ill, etc. Crematoriums at the Nazi concentration camp in Weimar, Germany, April 1945 Gas Chamber at Auschwitz

  6. I. Occupied Lands - Europe Jews were forced into ghettos and concentration camps; by 1941, Nazis planned for the "final solution of the Jewish problem" Jews rounded up after the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

  7. I. Occupied Lands - Europe Hitler had special death camps built in places like Auschwitz, Sobibor, and Treblinka

  8. I. Occupied Lands - Europe By 1945, the Nazis had murdered six million Jews and 6 million other "undesirable" people - the Holocaust

  9. II. Occupied Lands - Asia Under the slogan "Asia for Asians," Japan created the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

  10. II. Occupied Lands - Asia Japanese killed and tortured civilians, destroyed cities and towns, and made people into slave laborers During the six weeks of the Nanking Massacre, the Chinese were not simply murdered. They were tortured, humiliated, and raped. The Japanese used a wide variety of methods of murder.

  11. III. The Allied War Effort 1942: the “Big Three” - Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin - agreed to defeat Hitler first and then concentrate on Japan The "Big Three" Yalta: Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin

  12. III. The Allied War Effort The Allies were committed to total war - governments directed the economy, rationed goods, and regulated prices and wages

  13. III. The Allied War Effort Governments limited the rights of citizens, censored the press, and used propaganda to win public support for the war

  14. III. The Allied War Effort As men joined the military, millions of women built ships, tanks, and planes; produced munitions; and staffed offices Rosie the Riveterby Norman Rockwell

  15. III. The Allied War Effort Women served in the military, fought in the resistance, and became soldiers in the Red Army Marie-Madeleine Fourcade USSR Soldier

  16. IV. Turning Points 1942 and 1943 - the Allies pushed back the Axis powers and turned the tide of war

  17. IV. Turning Points British Gen. Montgomery and American Gen. Eisenhower defeated Rommel in May 1943 at El Alamein General Bernard Montgomery, “Monty” General Dwight D. Eisenhower “Ike”

  18. IV. Turning Points July 1943, Allies landed in Sicily and moved into southern Italy, defeating the Italian forces

  19. IV. Turning Points The Italians overthrew Mussolini and signed an armistice, but fighting did not end until 18 months later The bodies of Benito Mussolini and his mistress, Clara Petacci were hung by their heels after being killed by Italian partisans in Milan, April 1945

  20. IV. Turning Points 1943 - After winning the Battle of Stalingrad, the Red Army advanced into Eastern Europe

  21. IV. Turning Points The Allies invaded France on D-Day - June 6, 1944; by September all of France was free

  22. IV. Turning Points The Allies focused on conquering Germany first before defeating Japan

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