STEM Changing the Paradigm

1. STEMChanging the Paradigm James J. Potter The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine jpotter@jhmi.edu

2. Changing the ParadigmScience, Technology, Engineering and Math Education (STEM)

3. April Sexton Carroll Co Middle School Teacher of the Year, 2005 • "While I want any student to know [the] content ... in 20 years, are they going to remember everything I taught them?” • “Probably not, but I want them to have a desire to continue to learn when they walk out of my classroom."

4. Children in elementary school will change not just jobs, but their entire careers five times over their working years. • Gartner Group, 1995 • The job you perform today will no longer be done. • The job you perform tomorrow has not yet been invented.

5. Lifelong Learning Those who do not continue to learn will become science illiterates and virtually unemployable.

6. Bill Gates “In the international competition to have the biggest and best supply of knowledge workers, America is falling behind."

7. Martin C. Jischke-Purdue University President “We are at a crossroad in our nation as we enter a century that we know will be dominated by science, engineering, technology and education.” “A convergence of science, technology and engineering is taking place.”

8. Martin C. Jischke-Purdue University President “By 2010, more than 90% of all scientists and engineers in the world will live in Asia.”

9. “The World is Flat”Thomas Friedman China Bets Big on Big Science Major Science Programs • Protein Science • Quantum Research • Nanotechnology • Developmental and Reproductive Biology Science, March 17, 2006;311:1548-1549

10. “The World is Flat”Thomas Friedman China Bets Big on New Science Engineering Programs • Next-generation broadband • Large-scale oil and gas exploration • Transgenic plant breeding • Drug development • Manned moon exploration Science, March 17, 2006;311:1548-1549

11. “The World is Flat”Thomas Friedman India Investment in “Highway” Spurring Economic Growth • Travel by car in Goa is slow and time consuming. • The Internet is the ultimate super-highway Personal Communication, John McFadden, VP, CIO Loyola College

12. Bill Gates “In the international competition to have the biggest and best supply of knowledge workers, America is falling behind." • Manufacturing has chased cheap labor • Science and Technology will chase an • educated workforce

13. Engineering Graduates 1980 - 2000 • China - increased 161% (207,500) • Japan – increased 42% (103,200) • South Korea – increased 140% (56,500) • India – over 100,000/yr USA – decreased 20% (59,500)

14. NSF’s Educational Activities are at Risk EHR (Education and Human Resources) • Temporary leadership • Decline in funding (Math and Science Partnerships Univ. – K-12) • Increased funding for ED (Dept of Ed) programs Is the Education Directorate Headed for a Failing Grade? Science, February 24, 2006;311:1092-1093

15. NSF’s Educational Activities are at Risk “NSF looks for the best, while ED is supposed to serve everyone” (Rep. Bob Inglis) • NSF - Peer Reviewed for individual projects • ED – Block Grants to states for use as they see fit Is the Education Directorate Headed for a Failing Grade? Science, February 24, 2006;311:1092-1093

16. Job Growth 2005-2025 Manufacturing Health Care, Biotechnology, Technology Examples: scientific publications, global health, science education, program management, software development, biotech business, healthcare-technology.

17. Job Growth 2005-2025 • 2/3 of jobs require some education beyond high school • Skill requirements are the same for College or Work • Write and speak clearly • Use technology to communicate fully • Critical thinking and problem solving skills

18. Example - Technology in Nursing • Nursing Informatics • Applied Statistical Analysis • Health Informatics • Health Economics and Finance • Practicum in Data Base Structure, Management, & Access for Clinical Informatics • Intermediate Biostatistics • Intermediate Statistics

19. Impetus for Change “Poor Science Education Could Unravel the U.S. Economy” There should be a greater emphasis “to study the frontier areas of science” Congressman Bart Gordon – Chair, House Committee on Science and Technology

20. Craig Barrett – Intel Board Chair (7/08) “Every country I have visited understands that good education, healthcare, and economic development are the path to the future—every country, that is, except for the U.S.”

21. Craig Barrett – Intel Board Chair (7/08) Four Basic Ingredients to Remain Competitive: • Smart people -- nurtured by education • Smart ideas -- enabled by R&D • The right environment for collaboration -- developed by wise tax policy and funding • IT connectivity, broadband, and local content to connect to the culture--achieved via tech literacy

22. The Challenges • Globalization • Outsourcing • Increased competition • Jobs require increased knowledge and skill • Raise expectations • Guided discovery – Critical thinking skills • Lifelong learning • Formalize community/school relationships

23. The Concerns - The Seven Technology Sins • Fear of Time Commitment • Fear of Change • Fear of Inexperience • Fear of Technology • Fear of Failure • Fear of Inadequate Skills • Fear of Bad Choices

24. The Benefits • Learning Pays • HS Grad – 43% higher than non grad • College Grad – 62% higher than HS grad. • Economics • Competitive edge of US depends on strong education system • Biotechnology, Engineering are growth industries

25. Where are we?Where do we want to be?How do we get there? Science, Math and Technology Education

26. Where are we?---Bill Gates “America’s high schools are obsolete. By obsolete, I don’t just mean that our high schools are broken, flawed, and under-funded– though a case could be made for every one of those points. By obsolete, I mean that our high schools – even when they’re working exactly as designed – cannot teach our kids what they need to know today.”

27. Where are we?--- Universities KathySierra http://headrush.typepad.com/creating_passionate_users/

28. Where are we?--- Universities If you studied math, science, or engineering at a four-year college in the US, much of what you learned is useless, forgotten, or obsolete. • Disconnect between: • how we teach math and science • how mathematicians and scientists actually work • Often teach encyclopedias of facts without engagement in the process • Assessment often does not evaluate understanding Analysis to Action:Undergraduate Education in STEM; http://www.nap.edu/catalog/9128.html KathySierra http://headrush.typepad.com/creating_passionate_users/

29. Where do we want to be?---The new three R’s: • Rigor – making sure all students are given a challenging curriculum that prepares them for college or work • Relevance – making sure kids have courses and projects that clearly relate to their lives and their goals • Relationships – making sure kids have a number of adults who know them, look out for them, and push them to achieve…Parent, School, University, and Business Involvement

30. How do we get there?“STEM” Education Vision That an enhanced curriculum in science, technology, engineering, and math, with a strong emphasis on discovery, will stimulate the interest of young people in science and provide a pipeline of young Americans who are capable, critical decision makers prepared to seize the opportunities in the expanding fields of science. To be most effective, this enhanced curriculum must include an appropriate support structure.

31. How do we get there?“STEM” Education Mission To develop an enhanced science, math, and technology curriculum with a greater emphasis on discovery and to outline methodologies necessary to ensure its successful implementation.

32. How do we get there?“STEM” Education Mission Specifically, the plan should provide strategies and tactics in the areas of: • Professional Development • Facilities Planning • Curriculum Development (Integration) • Administrative Support (Family-Community)

33. Professional Development “The Bridge From Research to Practice is Not Well Traveled” • Discoveries are slow to reach K-12 science educators • Little practical, understandable content is available on recent research Jane McDonald – Education-Research Consultant

34. Professional Development CSE (Continuing Science Education) • Closer Link with Universities • Mentorship • Summer Internships Faculty – Ongoing • Evening with the Experts • Current Topics (Journal Club) • Research Conference

35. Facilities Planning • Ubiquitous Computer and Internet Access • Anytime • Anywhere • High Bandwidth • Software • Distance Learning • Learning Management • Blackboard • Moodle • Curriculum Mapping

36. Facilities Planning • Library Resources • Online Journals • Full Text Level Appropriate Content • Science Resources • Equipment (digital microscopes, etc) • Supplies • Driven by Curriculum Needs

37. Administrative Support • Time • Financial Resources • Facilities • Parental Involvement – Adult Ed • Community Involvement (formal relationship with Higher Ed, Science Center, other centers of excellence)

38. Curriculum Development Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Information Literacy • identify a problem • ask questions relevant to the problem • develop a search strategy • access complete and accurate information • evaluate, organize and integrate the information • use the information in critical thinking and problem solving.

39. Curriculum Development Employable Skills • Analytical skills • Written communication skills • Verbal communication skills • Investigational skills (Information Literacy) • Numeracy - Math • Planning and Organizing • Teamwork • Information Technology • Technical Skills

40. Curriculum Development Curriculum Integration - Example • Stem Cells • Science • Ethical Dilemmas • Economic Impact • Bioinformatics • Computer • Math • NCBI

41. Curriculum Development • Current Topics (Journal Club) • Library Resources / Bioinformatics • Distance Learning • Project Based Learning • Guided Discovery • Research Conference • Case Presentation (Detective work - Grand Rounds) • Evening with the Experts • Closer Link with Universities • Student Internships – 1-4 yrs • Curriculum Integration

42. Next Steps

43. Next Steps University Commitment • Deeper College and University Engagement with K-12 STEM Education • Mentorship –Students/Faculty • Evening With the Experts • Science Symposiums • Work with science educators to develop instruction and symposium content • Presentation (day, evening, or Saturday) • Workshops • Tours • Boot camps for science educators

44. Next Steps University Commitment • Professional Development across science themes • Summer Internships Faculty – Ongoing • Science for the layperson – “Parents”

45. Next Steps Schools • Develop and Implement a Plan • “Failing to Plan is Planning to Fail” • Seek Advice • “We don’t know what we don’t know” • Seek Support • “No Money, No Plan”

46. Next Steps Schools • Vision • Professional Development-Skills • Student Centered Education • Access • Tech Resources • Assessment • Community Partners • Support - “No Money, No Plan”

47. Change Management Anticipate and Embrace Change “The only change people don’t fear is the change that jingles in their pockets”

49. Change Management Think Outside the Box • Be Creative • Go Beyond the Obvious