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Common Leaf Shapes

Common Leaf Shapes. Needle-like- shaped like a needle; pine needles Awl-like- being linear and tapering to a fine point Scale-like- resembling a scale (like fish) Linear- long and narrow; the 2 sides parallel or nearly so Oblong- deviating from a square or circular form through elongation.

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Common Leaf Shapes

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  1. Common Leaf Shapes • Needle-like- shaped like a needle; pine needles • Awl-like- being linear and tapering to a fine point • Scale-like- resembling a scale (like fish) • Linear- long and narrow; the 2 sides parallel or nearly so • Oblong- deviating from a square or circular form through elongation

  2. Lanceolate- lance-shaped; broadest at base and tapering toward the tip • Oblanceolate- reverse of lanceolate; widest at apex and tapering toward the base • Ovate- shaped like an egg; having a narrow distal end and a broad basal end • Obovate- reverse of ovate; having a broad distal end and a narrower basal end

  3. Spatulate- shaped like a spatula • Oval- broadly elliptical • Elliptic- shaped like an ellipse; widest at the middle with symmetrically curved sides • Cordate- heart-shaped • Deltoid- triangular shaped • Rhomboid- shaped like a rhombus

  4. Leaf Margins • Entire- having a smooth margin, free of indentions • Revolute- rolled under or downwards along margins • Undulate- having a wavy edge or margin • Serrate- with marginal, sharp teeth pointing toward the apex

  5. Doubly serrate- twice serrate • Dentate- sharply toothed along margin with teeth pointing outward • Crenate- shallowly round-toothed or scalloped • Lobed- curved or rounded projection

  6. Leaf Apices • Acuminate- gradually tapering to an end • Acute- sharp pointed, sides of the tapered apex less than 90 degrees • Obtuse- rounded at tip • Round- circular • Truncate- appearing cut off or square at the apex • Emarginate- having the tip or margin notched • Mucronate- having a sharp terminal point or tip • Cuspidate- ending in a point

  7. Leaf Bases • Cuneate- wedge shaped • Acute- sharp pointed • Obtuse- rounded at the base • Round- circular • Auriculate- with ears or lobes • Inequilateral- unequal at the base • Truncate- appearing cut off or square at the base • Cordate- heart shaped

  8. Veination • Parallel- equidistant from each other at all points • Pinnate- divided in a feathery manner • Palmate- arranged in a hand-like fashion • Arcuate- bow-shaped

  9. Types of fruit • Fleshy fruits • Berry- contains one or more seeds in pulpy ripened ovary; ex. Persimmon • Drupe- one seeded fruit with seed enclosed in a stony wall; ex. American Holly • Pome- fleshy fruit resulting from compound ovary; ex. Apple

  10. Dry Fruits • Legume- dry, simple fruit of the pea family; ex. Honey Locust, Redbud • Capsule- dry fruit composed of two or more compartments; ex. Buckeye • Spiny ball of many capsules- Sweetgum • Follicle- dry fruit opening along midline; ex. Magnolia • Achene- small, one seeded fruit, ex. Sycamore • Samar- ex. Maples, Elms • Nut- ex. Oaks, Hickories

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