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Género y Número

Understand how to determine the gender (masculine or feminine) and plural forms of nouns in Spanish, along with usage of definite and indefinite articles. Learn essential rules to apply while studying the language.

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Género y Número

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  1. Género y Número Gender and Number

  2. El Género y el Número • All nouns (words describing persons, places or things) in Spanish are either masculine or feminine. The gender of a noun affects both the article (el, la, los, las) as well as any adjectives used “la tizablanca” “el cuaderno negro” • Most nouns that end in “o” are masculine, in “a” feminine. There are a fewbigexceptionstothis: (la mano, el día, el mapa)

  3. Nouns that describe males are masculine, females are feminine. This includes both humans and animals (el gato = male cat , la gata = female cat) • Many masculine nouns which end in o have a feminine equivalent ending in “a” (el chico/ la chica, el niño/la niña, el muchacho/la muchacha)

  4. Masculine nouns which end in a consonant such as “or” or “ón” add an a in the female form burlón/burlona, doctor/doctora • Words that end in -ante , -ente or -ista can be either masculine or feminine depending on the gender of the person, however the endings do not change: el presidente, la presidente, el feminista, la feminista, el estudiante, la estudiante

  5. It´simportanttolearnthegender of wordswithunclearconsonantendings: El rejoj, La pared, La luz, el lápiz….

  6. El número • Wemake a word plural in Spanishbyaddingan -s to a wordwhichends in a vowel and an -es to a wordwhichends in a consonant: señora/señoras, reloj/relojes • When a nounends in “z” changethe z to a “c” whenyoumakeit plural. La luz, las luces. El lápiz, los lapices. • In Spanishthevowel/consonantcombination “ze” or “zi” doesnotexist.

  7. When a masculine and feminine noun are joined together the plural becomes masculine automatically (like French) “la muchacha y el muchacho” = “los muchachos”

  8. Definite and Indefinite Articles • Spanish has four ways of saying “the” depending on the gender and number of the noun used. • El La (singular) • Los Las (plural) • El cuaderno Los cuadernos • La silla Las sillas

  9. The gender and number of the noun tells you which article to use. It’s good to learn them both together. Spanish actually considers the article as part of the word, not as a separate word. • Book El libro • Female cat La gata

  10. Indefinite Articles Indirect Articles are the equivalent to “a” “an” “one” and “some” In Spanish they are as follows (singular) Un Una (plural) UnosUnas Un libroUnoslibros UnasillaUnassillas

  11. Hay… • Hay is often used with the indirect article in Spanish means both “there is” and “there are”. • Hay un libro en tumochila? • Sí, hay un libro y una pluma.

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