History of the Internet & Computer

1. By: Kyle Period 4 History of the Internet & Computer

2. Start of Technology • The very first computer was built between 1939 and 1942 at Iowa. • John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry.

3. The DEBUG • A software bug is the common term used to describe an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a computer program or system that produces an incorrect or unexpected result, or causes it to behave in unintended ways.

4. Where the term the “DEBUG” came from? • In 1947, Grace Murray Hopper was working on the Harvard University Mark II Aiken Relay Calculator • The machine was experiencing problems, an investigation showed that there was a moth trapped inside. • That’s where the term the debug started.

5. The Internet • The Internet was invented in 1962. • It was made for projects for the Department of Defense.

6. Babbage’s Analytical Engine • The analytical engine, an important step in the history of computers. • It was a mechanical general computer • It was created by a English mathematician named Charles Babbage.

8. Herman Hollerith • developed a mechanical tabulator based on punched cards to rapidly tabulate statistics from millions of pieces of data. • A key idea was that data could be coded numerically. Hollerith saw that if numbers could be punched in specified locations on a card, in the now familiar rows and columns, then the cards could be counted or sorted mechanically and the data recorded.

10. ENIAC • It was built in 1942 – 1945. • ENIAC is short for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer. • ENIAC was conceived and designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert of the University of Pennsylvania.

12. What is Program • A series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished. • A program is like a recipe. It contains a list of ingredients called variables and a list of directions called statements the tell the computer what to do with the variables.

13. Benefits of Transistors over Vacuum Tubes Small size and minimal weight, allowing the development of miniaturized electronic devices. Highly automated manufacturing processes, resulting in low per-unit cost. Lower possible operating voltages, making transistors suitable for small, battery-powered applications. No warm-up period for cathode heaters required after power application. Lower power dissipation and generally greater energy efficiency. Higher reliability and greater physical ruggedness. Extremely long life. Some transistorized devices have been in service for more than 50 years. Complementary devices available, facilitating the design of complementary-symmetry circuits, something not possible with vacuum tubes. Insensitivity to mechanical shock and vibration , thus avoiding the problem of microphones in audio applications.

14. Microcomputer • The personal computer PC, which is also called the microcomputer and was designed for use by one person, was first developed for businesses in the early 1970s. • Steve Wozniakand Steve Jobs, college dropouts who founded Apple Computer in 1976, are credited with inventing the first computer for home use.

15. Binary System • Decimal Binary • 0 0 • 1 1 • 2 10 • 3 11 • 4 100 • 5 101 • 6 110 • 7 111 • 8 1000 • 9 1001 • 10 1010 • 11 1011 • 12 1100 • 13 1101 • 14 1110 • 15 1111 • 16 10000

16. Resources