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Unit 1: Syllogism, Enthymeme, and Toulmin Notes

This unit introduces the concepts of syllogism, enthymeme, and Toulmin statements. Students will analyze texts and create their own arguments using these techniques.

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Unit 1: Syllogism, Enthymeme, and Toulmin Notes

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  1. Bell Work:Take out paper for notes! • Syllogism, Enthymeme, and Toulmin Notes • Introduction to Unit 1 • Analyze “Saying Hello Extend Your Life” Homework:Read & annotate Vonnegut's “How to Write with Style.” Then, in your Weebly, answer the prompt in Spes format - Create a Toulmin statement of Vonnegut’s argument. Next select on of Vonnegut’s rules to style and argument whether it is or is not necessary for good style. Agenda 8/27

  2. Introduction to Unit 1 Grapes of Wrath Essay • Find documents on website • Please print and file in your binders

  3. Syllogism Major Premise:All AP students must learn rhetorical terms in order to be successful in AP. Minor Premise 1: You are an AP student. Minor Premise 2: You also desire to be successful in AP. Conclusion: Therefore, you must learn the terms.

  4. Syllogism Major Premise: Anything that is important should be recorded. Minor Premise 1: What I am getting ready to tell you is important. Minor Premise 2: You should record important things. Minor Premise 3: A pen or a pencil is a way to record important things. Conclusion: You should take out a pen (so that you can record this important thing)

  5. Syllogism Major Premise: Allbirds are animals. S P Minor Premise 1: All parrots are birds. S P Conclusion: Allparrots are animals. S P NOTE this rule: • The predicate from the Major Premise becomes the predicate of the conclusion. • The subject from the Minor Premise becomes the subject of the conclusion.

  6. Question 1 MP: All students who are registered at Heritage High School should begin classes August 25 . mP: Jane began classes on August 25. C: Therefore, Jane is a student registered at HHS. Valid or Invalid?

  7. Question 1 MP: All students who are registered at Heritage High School should begin classes August 25. S P mP: Jane began classes on August 25. S P C: Therefore, Jane is a student registered at HHS. S P Invalid

  8. Question 1 MP: All students who are registered at Heritage High School should begin classes August 25. mP: Jane began classes on August 25. mP: Jane is a student at Heritage High School. C: Therefore, Jane is a student registered at HHS. C: Therefore, Jane begins classes on August 25th. Valid

  9. Question 2 MP: Most students in high school care about their grades. mP: You are a high school student. C: Therefore, you most likely care about your grades. Valid or Invald?

  10. Question 2 MP: Most students in high school care about their grades. S P mP: You are a high school student. S P C: Therefore, you most likely care about your grades. S P Valid

  11. Question 3 MP: If it rains this afternoon, the football game will be canceled. mP: The football game was canceled. C: Therefore, it must have rained today. Valid or Invalid?

  12. Question 3 MP: If it rains this afternoon, the football game will be canceled. DC S P mP: The football game was canceled. S P C: Therefore, it must have rained today. DC Invalid

  13. Question 3 MP: If it rains this afternoon, the football game will be canceled. DC S P mP: The football game was canceled. S P mP: Football games are only canceled due to rain. C: Therefore, it must have rained today. DC Valid

  14. Syllogism Create your own syllogism about texting and driving.

  15. Enthymeme 2 Simple Sentences: Get your pen or pencil out. This is important. 1 Compound Sentence: Get your pen or pencil out, for this is important. 1 Complex Sentence: Since this is important, you should get your pen or pencil out .

  16. Enthymeme 1 You ought to take this Altoid, because your breath really stinks. MP: mP: C:

  17. Enthymeme 1 You ought to take this Altoid, because your breath really stinks. MP: mP: C: You ought to take this Altoid.

  18. Enthymeme 1 You ought to take this Altoid, because your breath really stinks. MP: mP: Your breath really stinks. C: You ought to take this Altoid.

  19. Enthymeme 1 You ought to take this Altoid, because your breath really stinks. MP: People with bad breath should use Altoids. mP: Your breath really stinks. C: You ought to take this Altoid.

  20. Enthymeme 2 Don’t write in the school’s books; they’re not yours. MP: mP: C:

  21. Enthymeme 2 Don’t write in the school’s books; they’re not yours. MP: mP: C: Don’t write in the school’s books.

  22. Enthymeme 2 Don’t write in the school’s books; they’re not yours. MP: mP: You do not own the school book. C: Don’t write in the school’s books.

  23. Enthymeme 2 Don’t write in the school’s books; they’re not yours. MP: It is wrong to damage things you don’t own. mP: You do not own the school book. C: Don’t write in the school’s books.

  24. Toulmin Claim: The police officer who shot the St. Louis teenager Michael Brown ought to be indicted. • What the speaker/writer is arguing Data: After all, Michael Brown was an unarmed, black teenager. • The backing that the speaker/writer has to prove their point. Warrant: Those who harm innocent people should be punished. • An assumption that the audience may share, which can often go unstated.

  25. Toulmin Claim: The police officer who shot the St. Louis teenager Michael Brown ought to be indicted. Data: After all, Michael Brown was an unarmed, black teenager. Warrant: Those who harm innocent people should be punished. Toulmin Thesis: Because __(data)__, therefore __(claim)___, since __(warrant)__. Because Michael Brown was an unarmed black teenager, (therefore) the police officer who shot him ought to be indicted, since those who harm innocent people should be punished.

  26. Toulmin Qualifiers: Words or phrases signifying the degree of force or certainty Backing: Proof that the warrant is a commonly held belief Rebuttal: Statement realizing restrictions or opposition Congress should ban animal research (claim) because animals are tortured in experiments that have no necessary benefits for humans, such as the testing for cosmetics (data). The well being of animals is more important than the profits of the cosmetics industry (warrant). Only the Congress had the authority to make such a law (warrant), because the corporations can simply move from state to state to avoid legal penalties (backing). Of course the ban should not apply to medical research (qualifier). A law to ban all research would go too far (rebuttal).

  27. Saying Hello Extends Your Life http://www.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/health/2014/06/02/living-to-100-dr-sanjay-gupta-loneliness.cnn.html What is the purpose/argument of the video? Create Toulmin statement for video.

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