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Lecturer’s desk

Screen. Cabinet. Cabinet. Lecturer’s desk. Table. Computer Storage Cabinet. Row A. 3. 4. 5. 19. 6. 18. 7. 17. 16. 8. 15. 9. 10. 11. 14. 13. 12. Row B. 1. 2. 3. 4. 23. 5. 6. 22. 21. 7. 20. 8. 9. 10. 19. 11. 18. 16. 15. 13. 12. 17. 14. Row C. 1. 2.

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Lecturer’s desk

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  1. Screen Cabinet Cabinet Lecturer’s desk Table Computer Storage Cabinet Row A 3 4 5 19 6 18 7 17 16 8 15 9 10 11 14 13 12 Row B 1 2 3 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 Row C 1 2 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 Row D 1 2 25 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 Row E 1 26 2 25 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 Row F 27 1 26 2 25 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 28 Row G 27 1 26 2 25 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 29 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 28 Row H 27 1 26 2 25 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 Row I 1 26 2 25 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 1 Row J 26 2 25 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 28 27 1 Row K 26 2 25 3 24 4 23 5 6 22 21 7 20 8 9 10 19 11 18 16 15 13 12 17 14 Row L 20 1 19 2 18 3 17 4 16 5 15 6 7 14 13 INTEGRATED LEARNING CENTER ILC 120 9 8 10 12 11 broken desk

  2. Please click in My last name starts with a letter somewhere between A. A – D B. E – L C. M – R D. S – Z

  3. Use this as your study guide By the end of lecture today2/6/13 Definitional formula for standard deviation and variancefor both samples and populations Counting ‘standard deviationses’ – z scores Connecting raw scores, z scores and probabilityConnecting probability, proportion and area of curve Percentiles

  4. Introduction to Statistics for the Social SciencesSBS200, COMM200, GEOG200, PA200, POL200, or SOC200Lecture Section 001, Spring, 2013Room 120 Integrated Learning Center (ILC)10:00 - 10:50 Mondays, Wednesdays & Fridays. Welcome http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSQJP40PcGI

  5. Exam Review Harvill 305 Thursday 7:00 – 9:00pm Schedule of readings Study Guide is online Before next exam (This Friday - February 8th): Please read chapters 1 - 4 in Ha & Ha textbook Please read Appendix D, E & F onlineOn syllabus this is referred to as online readings 1, 2 & 3 Please read Chapters 1, 5, 6 and 13 in Plous Chapter 1: Selective Perception Chapter 5: Plasticity Chapter 6: Effects of Question Wording and Framing Chapter 13: Anchoring and Adjustment

  6. Lab sessions Labs continue this week

  7. Homework due – No homework Just study for Exam 1 Review Session Thursday 7:00 – 9:00pm Harvill Building Room 305 Hosted by our TAs

  8. Let’s estimate some standard deviation values Standard deviation is a ‘spread’ score We’re estimating the typical distance score (distance of each score from the mean)

  9. Raw scores, z scores & probabilities Please note spatially where 1 standard deviation falls on the curve

  10. 2 sd above and below mean 95% 1 sd above and below mean 68% 3 sd above and below mean 99.7% These would be helpful to know by heart – please memorize areas

  11. Raw scores, z scores & probabilities One standard deviation is just about 1/3 the way to the top of the curve up from the mean 68% Two standard deviations is just about 2/3 the way to the top of the curve up from the mean 99.7% 95%

  12. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) One standard deviation is just about 1/3 the way to the top of the curve up from the mean 12 10 Frequency 8 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package What’s the ‘typical’ or standard deviation? Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47 Standard Deviation = 3.5

  13. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 What is the most common score? What is the most common “deviation score”? Deviation = 0 12 10 Frequency What is the least common “deviation scores”? 8 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package $27 – $37 = -$10 $47 – $37 = $10 What’s the largest possible deviation? Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  14. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 What is the deviation score for $38? 12 Deviation = 1 10 Frequency 8 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  15. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 What is the deviation score for $39? 12 10 Deviation = 2 Frequency 8 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  16. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 What is the deviation score for $40? 12 10 Frequency Deviation = 3 8 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  17. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 4,4,4,4,4 What is the deviation score for $41? 12 10 Frequency 8 Deviation = 4 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  18. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 4,4,4,4,4 5,5,5,5 What is the deviation score for $42? 12 10 Frequency 8 Deviation = 5 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  19. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 4,4,4,4,4 5,5,5,5 6,6,6,6 What is the deviation score for $43? 12 10 Frequency 8 6 Deviation = 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  20. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 4,4,4,4,4 5,5,5,5 6,6,6,6 7,7,7 What is the deviation score for $44? 12 10 Frequency 8 6 Deviation = 7 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  21. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 4,4,4,4,4 5,5,5,5 6,6,6,6 7,7,7 8,8,8 12 10 Frequency 8 6 Deviation = 8 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package What is the deviation score for $45? Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  22. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 4,4,4,4,4 5,5,5,5 6,6,6,6 7,7,7 8,8,8 9,9 12 10 Frequency 8 6 Deviation = 9 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package What is the deviation score for $46? Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  23. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 4,4,4,4,4 5,5,5,5 6,6,6,6 7,7,7 8,8,8 9,9 10 12 10 Frequency 8 6 4 Deviation = 10 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package What is the deviation score for $46? Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47

  24. Movie Packages We sampled 100 movie theaters(Two tickets, large popcorn and 2 drinks) Deviation scores 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 2,2,2,2,2,2,2 3,3,3,3,3,3 4,4,4,4,4 5,5,5,5 6,6,6,6 7,7,7 8,8,8 9,9 10 Estimate Average Deviation Score 12 10 Frequency 8 6 4 2 0 • 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 • Price per Movie Package What’s the ‘typical’ or standard deviation? Mean = $37 Range = $27 - $47 Standard Deviation = 3.5

  25. Pounds of pressure to break casing on an insulator(We applied pressure until the insulator casing broke) What’s the largest possible deviation? 2100– 1700 = 400 1200 – 1700 = -500 Mean = 1700 pounds Range = 1200 – 2100 What’s the ‘typical’ or standard deviation? Standard Deviation = 200

  26. Amount of Bonuses (based on commission)We sampled 100 retail workers 68% 95% 99.7% $75 – $50= $25 What’s the largest possible deviation? $25 – $50= -$25 Mean = $50 Range = $25 - $75 What’s the ‘typical’ or standard deviation? Standard Deviation = 10

  27. Waiting time for service at bankWe sampled 100 banks(From time entering line to time reaching teller) 3.8 – 3.0= .8 What’s the largest possible deviation? 2.2 – 3.0= -.8 Mean = 3 minutes Range = 2.2- 3.8 What’s the ‘typical’ or standard deviation? Standard Deviation = 0.30

  28. Number correct on examWe tested 100 students(counted number of correct on 100 point test) 55 - 80= -25 What’s the largest possible deviation? 100 - 80 = 20 Mean = 80 Range = 55 - 100 What’s the ‘typical’ or standard deviation? Standard Deviation = 10

  29. Monthly electric bills for 50 apartments(amount of dollars charged for the month) Let’s try one What’s the largest possible deviation? Mean = $150 Range = 97 - 213 150 – 97 = 53 150 – 213 = - 63 The best estimate of the population standard deviation is a. $150 b. $27 c. $53 d. $63 Standard Deviation = 27

  30. Amount of soda in 2-liter containers(measured amount of soda in 2-liter bottles) Let’s try one What’s the largest possible deviation? 2 – 1.894 = 0.106 2 – 2.109 = -0.109 Mean = 2.0 Range = 1.894 – 2.109 The best estimate of the population standard deviation is a. 0.106 b. 0.109 c. 0.044 d. 2.0 Standard Deviation = 0.044

  31. Scores on an Art History exam(measured number correct out of 100) Let’s try one What’s the largest possible deviation? 25 - 50= - 25 Mean = 50 Range = 25 - 70 70 - 80 = 20 The best estimate of the population standard deviation is a. 50 b. 25 c. 10 d. .5 Standard Deviation = 10

  32. Let’s try one Judy is running an experiment in which she wants to see whether a reward program will improve the number of sales in her retail shops. In her experiment she rewarded the employees in her Los Angeles stores with bonuses and fun prizes whenever they sold more than 5 items to any one customer. However, the employees in Houston were treated like they always have been treated and were not given any rewards for those 2 months. Judy then compared the number of items sold by each employee in the Los Angeles (rewarded) versus Houston (not rewarded) stores. In this study, a _____________ design was used. a. between-participant, true experimental b. between-participant, quasi experimental c. within-participant, true experimental d. within-participant, quasi experimental Correct Answer

  33. Let’s try one Judy is running an experiment in which she wants to see whether a reward program will improve the number of sales in her retail shops. (As described in previous question). She wants to use her findings with these two samples to make generalizations about the population, specifically whether rewarding employees will affect sales to all of her stores. She wants to generalize from her samples to a population, this is called a. random assignment b. stratified sampling c. random sampling d. inferential statistics Correct Answer

  34. Let’s try one Naomi is interested in surveying mothers of newborn infants, so she uses the following sampling technique. She found a new mom and asked her to identify other mothers of infants as potential research participants. Then asked those women to identify other potential participants, and continued this process until she found a suitable sample. What is this sampling technique called? a. Snowball sampling b. Systematic sampling c. Convenience sampling d. Judgment sampling Correct Answer

  35. Let’s try one Steve who teaches in the Economics Department wants to use a simple random sample of students to measure average income. Which technique would work best to create a simple random sample? a. Choosing volunteers from her introductory economics class to participate b. Listing the individuals by major and choosing a proportion from within each major at random c. Numbering all the elements of a sampling frame (the university) and then using a random number table to pick cases from the sampling frame. d. Randomly selecting different universities, and then sampling everyone within the school. Correct Answer

  36. Let’s try one Marcella wanted to know about the educational background of the employees of the University of Arizona. She was able to get a list of all of the employees, and then she asked every employee how far they got in school. Which of the following best describes this situation? a. census b. stratified sample c. systematic sample d. quasi-experimental study Correct Answer

  37. Let’s try one Mr. Chu who runs a national company, wants to know how his Information Technology (IT) employees from the West Coast compare to his IT employees on the East Coast. He asks each office to report the average number of sick days each employee used in the previous 6 months, and then compared the number of sick days reported for the West Coast and East Coast employees. His methodology would best be described as: a. time-series comparison b. cross-sectional comparison c. true experimental comparisond. both a and b Correct Answer

  38. Let’s try one A researcher wrote the following item stem for a five point rating scale. "Don't you agree that the University needs a football team.” What is the problem with this item? a. It uses unfamiliar language. b. It uses double negatives. c. It is a double-barreled question. d. It is a "leading" question. Correct Answer

  39. Let’s try one A researcher wrote the following item for a survey on school financing (they were to agree or disagree with the statement), "Parents should support the schools and taxes should be increased." What is the problem with this item? a. It uses unfamiliar language. b. It uses double negatives. c. It is a double-barreled question. d. It is a "leading" item. Correct Answer

  40. Let’s try one When several items on a questionnaire are rated on a five point scale, and then the responses to all of the questions are added up for a total score (like in a miniquiz), it is called a: a. checklist b. semantic differential c. summated rating scale d. ranking Correct Answer

  41. Let’s try one Which of the following is a measurement of a construct (and not just the construct itself) a. sadness b. customer satisfaction c. laughing d. love Correct Answer

  42. Thank you! See you next time!!

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