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Businessowners (BOP) Class Plans. 2003 CAS Ratemaking Seminar March 27-28, 2003 Robert J. Walling, FCAS, MAAA. Traditional BOP Rating Features. Large, traditional territory definitions Clustering of occupations Clustering of fire protection classes
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Businessowners (BOP) Class Plans 2003 CAS Ratemaking Seminar March 27-28, 2003 Robert J. Walling, FCAS, MAAA
Traditional BOP Rating Features • Large, traditional territory definitions • Clustering of occupations • Clustering of fire protection classes • Simple approach to amount of insurance (AOI) • Significant U/W discretion (Schedule credits) • Bundled (composite) class rate
Businessowners Problems • Market has disagreed on: • Which classes to cluster/target • Construction relativities • Territory definitions • Occupancy factors (Malls, Single Occupancies, Multiple Occupancies w/ Restaurants) • Many rating factors available but not incorporated into rating sequence • U/W Tiers & Credits Gone Amok
How can credits be abused? THE HIGHEST NET RATE IS OVER FOUR TIMES THE LOWEST!!
BOP Pricing Enhancements • Revise class factors • Revise territories using zip codes • May have impact similar to Homeowners on Protection • Create more sound AOI curve • Improve predictive accuracy of net pricing • Reduce reliance on underwriting discretion • Add financial info and other insured characteristics • Add rating/tiering factors for application information currently not rated
BOP Solutions – What are Companies Doing? • Many use ISO class codes with class deviations or individual class factors • Some have homeowners-like amount of insurance curves • A few use tiering programs like Personal Lines underwriting guidelines to use additional app information
BOP Pricing Enhancements • Revise class factors • Revise territories using zip codes • May have impact similar to Homeowners on Protection • Create more sound AOI curve • Improve predictive accuracy of net pricing • Reduce reliance on underwriting discretion • Add financial info and other insured characteristics • Add rating/tiering factors for application information currently not rated
Approaches to Improving Net Pricing • Status quo • Build a better underwriter • “One and Done” tiering • One way factors (e.g. “Mall Credit”) • Multivariate U/W scoring systems
How to Build a Better U/W • Improve accuracy of manual rates by class • Especially for “flow” classes (office, book store, etc.) • Automation increases rating algorithm flexibility and ease of implementing new rating factors • Focus attention on larger risks and classes • Has expense implications as well • Treat U/W as a pricing variable! • Accentuate the positives! • Train, remediate, and reunderwrite the negatives
BOP Solutions – Underwriting Scoring Systems • Take data off the application that is not rated: • Percent Occupied • Elevators • Years in Business • Years of Same Mgt. • Age of Building • Updated Systems • Alarms • Sole Occupancy • Computer Back Ups • Hours of Operation • Building Height • Deliveries? • Swimming Pools • Franchise? • Safety Program • # of Employees/Leasing • Out of schedule credits and into rating
Underwriting Scorecards Reflecting Interactions • Multivariate analysis allows the modeling of interactions and modern policy management systems facilitate the implementation of more complex tiering systems