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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Section 2 ~ Ionic Bonds. I. Ions and Ionic Bonds. Ions – an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge. 1. metals lose electrons and become positive. Na + 2. Nonmetals gain electrons and become negative. Ch -

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 Section 2 ~ Ionic Bonds

  2. I. Ions and Ionic Bonds. • Ions – an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge. 1. metals lose electrons and become positive. Na + 2. Nonmetals gain electrons and become negative. Ch - • Polyatomic ions – Ions that are made up of more than one type of atom. ex. Carbonate CO3 2-

  3. C. Ionic bonds form from the attraction between positive and negative ions. Ex. Salt formation. Most atoms become stable when their out shells have 8 electrons.

  4. II Chemical formulas and Names • Chemical formulas are a combination of symbols that show the ratio of elements in a compound. Ex The formula for magnesium chloride is MgCl2 -This means that there is 1 magnesium atom for every 2 chlorine atoms.

  5. B. Ionic compounds form in a way that balances out the charges on the ions. The formula for the compound shows this balance. 1. A subscript is used to show the ratio of elements in the compound. For MgCl2 there are 2 Chlorines. 2. If there is no subscript, then it is understood that there is only 1 present.

  6. C. Naming Ionic Compounds 1. The positive ion is listed first, followed by the negative ion . a. if the negative ion is a single element, it ends in –ide (sodium chloride or magnesium oxide). b. if the negative ion is polyatimic, it ends in -ate or –ite. ex What is the name of K2S?

  7. III Properties of Ionic Compounds • Properties – Hard, brittle crystals with high melting points. When dissolved in water or melted, they conduct electricity.

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