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TURKEY’S WATER MANAGEMENT APPROACH

Learn about Turkey’s comprehensive water management strategies, including basin management, water quality, climate change implications, and security measures to ensure effective water resource allocation and conservation. Explore the tasks and departments of the General Directorate of Water Management established to address water-related challenges.

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TURKEY’S WATER MANAGEMENT APPROACH

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  1. TURKEY’S WATER MANAGEMENT APPROACH Selçuk COŞKUN SectionManager General Directorate of WaterManagement Ministry of ForestryandWaterAffairs 28 May 2014

  2. Contents • General Directorate of Water Management • Basin Management (Integrated Water Management) • Water Quality • ClimateChange & Water Resources • Water Security and DGWM

  3. GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF WATER MANAGEMENT (GDWM)

  4. A NEW INSTITUTION ByPromulgation in 4 July 2011 Datedand 27984 (Repetitive) NumberedOfficialGazette GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF WATER MANAGEMENTis Established in Turkey

  5. TASKS OF GDWM - I • 1. Planning (Basin and Special Provision) • 2. Coordination • 3. Water Policy • 4. Transboundary Water • 5. Water Legislation • 6. Developing Legislation • 7. Inventory and Water Data System • 8. Sectoral Water Allocation • 9. Qulatative Classification of Water • 10. Devoloping Water Discharge Standards and Criterion • 11. Water Quality Standards For Receiving Environment

  6. TASKS OF GDWM - II • 12. SensitiveAreas • 13. Water TreatmentSystems Water Technology • 14. PreparingQualityMonitoringProgramme • 15. CoordinatingQualityMeasurements • 16. PreparingFlood Risk andHazardMaps • 17. Planning Flood Management • 18. Planning Drought Management • 19. ClimateChangeand Water Resources • 20. International RelationsWithRegardto Water • 21. Water Efficiency

  7. GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF WATER MANAGEMENT • BasinManagementDepartment, • WaterLegislationandPolicyDevelopmentDepartment, • InventoryandResearchDepartment, • WaterQualityManagementDepartment, • Monitoringand Water Data SystemDepartment, • FloodandDroughtManagementDepartment, • ManagementServicesDepartment,

  8. BASIN MANAGEMENT (INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT)

  9. WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE Aims at the integral protection of the aquatic environment. This aim is basically linked to the quality of related waters. The control of quantity is a subsidiary element for the protection of good water quality. Measures should also be established on quantity, which serves the aim of achieving good quality. ‘good chemical status’ ‘good ecological status’

  10. RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANGOOD WATER STATUS Ecology Water Status Chemistry Hydro- Morphology (Flood, dams, ports, channels, over-abstraction etc) 10

  11. Purpose At thefirstinstance, investigation of thewaterresourcespotential, pointanddiffusepollutionsourcesandexistingwaterqualityandthemaking of moreeconomicallyviable, sustainableandefficientplans in theshort, mediumandlongterm Actions Analysis of thepressuresandimpacts of the urban, industrial, agricultural, economicetc in thebasin; characterisation of theexsistingstatus Listingthenecessarymeasures in thebasintoachievegoodwaterstatus Planning urban wastewatertreatmentplantsforsettlements, settingindividualand/orjointtreatmentpossibilitiesandcapabilities Detectingthenecessitiesfortherenovationorrehabilitation of existingtreatmentplans, definingmeasures Schedulingtheactivities of allinstitutionsandagencieswhichhaveresponsibilitieswithinthebasinforundertakingtheactivitieswithinthe plan Ensuringtheactivitiesto be undertakenwithinthisscheduleundertheobservation of ourMinistry RIVER BASIN PROTECTION ACTION PLANS

  12. RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN Characteristics of the basin Pressures and impacts Protected areas Monitoring Environmental Objectives Economic analysis Program of measures Register of other plans Public information andconsultation Competent authorities Addresses for further background information

  13. River basins in Turkey

  14. WasteWaterTreatmentAction Plan • RiverBasinProtectionActionPlans • RiverBasinManagementPlans MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY DG Environmental Management MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY DG Environmental Management Büyük Menderes RBMP Akarçay RBPAP WWTAP

  15. SECTORAL WATER ALLOCATİON Due to the increasing pressure on water resources that are an indispensable element of life the planned use of water on the scale of sectoral and basin has been gaining importance in the solution of regional and local conflicts in respect of access to water. Importance of that issue is increasing as a solution for regional and local conflicts. Water resources allocation basically is up to the decisions about arranging demands of local uses, human consumption and natural life with the aims and the approaches that varies by time.

  16. WATER CONSERVATION ACTION PLAN (WCAP) 1. Reuse of TreatedDomesticWastewater 2. Public Awarenesson SavingWater 3. ReduceWaterLossandLeakage 4. WaterFootprintStudies 16

  17. WATER QUALITY

  18. WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT As theWaterQuality Management Department, on thequalityandquantitybasis, • Wemanage; • SensitiveAreas, • SurfaceWatersincludingcoastalandtransitionalwaters, • Groundwatersand • LakesandWetlandAreas • Wedeterminethedesingandconstructionnormsandstandards of WaterandWastewaterTreatmentPlants. • Westudyrelated EU Directives on WaterClassification, EnvironmatalQualityObjectivesandEnvironmentalTargets as well as newModellingTechnics. OurGoalis toset administrative, technical and legal infrastructure tomanage surfaceandgroundwater bodiesandwaterresources as well as sensitiveareas, lakesandwetlandareason thequality basis toreachgoodenvironmentalstatus.

  19. Factors Affecting Quality of Water Resources in Turkey • The current quality of the waters of Turkey • Causes of deterioration in the quality of water resources • Industrialization • Mining activities • Unplanned urbanization • Livestockactivities • Agricultural activities • Using of pesticides and fertilizers is the most important polluter factor affectingwater quality. • WestudytodetermineQualityandPollution Status of Water BodiesandWaterResourcesby; • Water QualityThematic MapsandProtectionAction Plansof 25RiverBasins • Ergene Basin Action Plan • WaterQualityReports • Water Qualityof DrinkingWaterReservoirsof MetropolitanMunicipalities • 2011and 2013 Data of Integrated Pollution Monitoring Project in Water, Sedimentand Biota

  20. COMPLETED ACTIVITIES

  21. ONGOING PROJECTS

  22. LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES

  23. CLIMATE CHANGE & WATER RESOURCES

  24. Whatdoesthelast IPCC Report say? • Observations • Since 1950, high-temperatureextremes (hot days, tropicalnights, andheatwaves) havebecomemorefrequent, whilelow-temperatureextremes(coldspells, frostdays)havebecomelessfrequent • Since 1950, annualprecipitation has decreased in parts of SouthernEurope, whereTurkey is. (EEA, 2012). Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability IPCC Working Group II Contribution to AR5

  25. Projections Therewill be a markedincrease in extremes in Europe, in particular, in heatwaves, droughtsandheavyprecipitationevents. (towardincreasednumber of warmdays, warmnightsandheatwaves Climatemodelsshowsignificantagreementforallemissionscenarios in warming (magnitudeand rate) alloverEurope, withstrongestwarmingprojected in SouthernEurope in summer,and in NorthernEurope in winter. 1m sea-levelrise in Turkey, couldaffect 3 millionadditionalpeopleand put 12 billion USD capitalvalue at risk, witharound 20 billion USD adaptationcosts (10% of GNP) (Karaca andNicholls, 2008). Declines in lowflowsareprojectedforthe UK, Turkey, Franceandrivers fed byAlpineglaciers (Huss, 2011).

  26. Summary of Projections • Freshwater-relatedrisks of climatechangeincreasesignificantlywithincreasinggreenhousegasemissions • Climatechange is projectedtoreducerenewablesurfacewaterandgroundwaterresourcessignificantly in mostdrysubtropicalregions. Thiswillexacerbatecompetitionforwateramongagriculture, ecosystems, settlements, industryandenergyproduction, affectingregionalwater, energyandfoodsecurity. • So far thereare no widespreadobservations of changes in floodmagnitudeandfrequencyduetoanthropogenicclimatechange, but projectionsimplyvariations in thefrequency of floods • Climatechange is likelytoincreasethefrequency of meteorologicaldroughts (lessrainfall) andagriculturaldroughts(lesssoilmoisture) in presentlydryregionsbytheend of thiscenturyunderthe RCP8.5 scenario. This is likelytoincreasethefrequency of shorthydrologicaldroughts (lesssurfacewaterand groundwater) in theseregions

  27. What is Turkeydoing? • CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON WATER RESOURCES PROJECT Project Purpose Determination of climatechangeimpactintowaterresources in riverbasinsandidentification of adaptationactions Scope All 25 basins of Turkey. StudyPeriod: 2015-2100 Resolution: 10x10km

  28. Content of the Project 1. Preparation of climatechangeprojections2. Determination of groundwaterbudgetandthechange in surfacewaterlevelsforallriverbasins 3. Runningmodellingstudiesforwaterbudget4. Sectoralimpactanalysistodetermineadaptationmeasuresforeachbasin.

  29. Water Security and GDWM • Integrated Water Management • Water Quality • Sectoral Water Allocation (Quantity) • ClimateChange

  30. Thank you for your attention E-mail: selcukcoskun@ormansu.gov.tr 21/01/10 BRUSSELS 26 JANUARY 2010 30 21/01/10 28 Kasım 2008 Marakeş/Fas 30

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