1 / 28

Submitted By >> Ranjit Singh

Submitted By >> Ranjit Singh. Why IP Address is Used..??.

brighton-titus
Download Presentation

Submitted By >> Ranjit Singh

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Submitted By >> Ranjit Singh

  2. Why IP Address is Used..?? Your IP address is like your home address, you need a home address to receive communication from other sources. An Ip address is pretty much the same, is the address # of your computer and is needed to receive communication between your computer and the WEB.

  3. Ques..What is IP ADDRESS..? >> IP stands for INTERNET PROTOCOL.. >> IP Adress is UNIQUE bit series of number assigned to any Computer on IP based Network.. >> 2 Computer on same Network cannot share same IP Address >> Every web site on the internet is found not by its domain name but by its IP address.

  4. Review - IP v 4 • >>IP v4 is 32 Bit Address.. • >> which is segmented into four 8-bit octets. • >>Each segment can range from 0 to 255

  5. Class’s of IP Address v4

  6. IPv4 Datagram Format

  7. Fields of the IP Header • Version (4 bits): current version is 4, next version will be 6. • Header length (4 bits): length of IP header. • DS/ECN field (1 byte) • This field was previously called as Type-of-Service (TOS) field. The role of this field has been re-defined, but is “backwards compatible” to TOS interpretation • Differentiated Service (DS) (6 bits): • Used to specify service level • Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) (2 bits): • New feedback mechanism used by TCP

  8. Fields of the IP Header • Identification (16 bits): Unique identification of a datagram from a host. Incremented whenever a datagram is transmitted • Flags (3 bits): • First bit always set to 0 • DF bit (Do not fragment) • MF bit (More fragments)

  9. Fields of the IP Header • Time To Live (TTL) (1 byte): • Specifies longest paths before datagram is dropped • Role of TTL field: Ensure that packet is eventually dropped when a routing loop occurs Used as follows: • Sender sets the value (e.g., 64) • Each router decrements the value by 1 • When the value reaches 0, the datagram is dropped

  10. Fields of the IP Header • Protocol (1 byte): • Specifies the higher-layer protocol. • Used for demultiplexing to higher layers. • Header checksum (2 bytes): A simple 16-bit long checksum which is computed for the header of the datagram.

  11. Fields of the IP Header • Options: • Security restrictions • Record Route: each router that processes the packet adds its IP address to the header. • Timestamp: each router that processes the packet adds its IP address and time to the header. • (loose) Source Routing: specifies a list of routers that must be traversed. • (strict) Source Routing: specifies a list of the only routers that can be traversed. • Payload: Data is to be transmitted in datagram

  12. Internet Protocol Version 6.. >> IPv6 also called Internet Protocol Next Generation (Ipng) >>IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses >> New address space supports 2128 (approximately 340 undecillion or 3.4×1038 ) addresses Why IP v6 ..? >> The main problem of IPv4, that is, the exhaustion of addresses to connect computers or host in a packet-switched network.. >> IPv6 has a very large address space and consists of 128 bits as compared to 32 bits in IPv4.

  13. s g g d s g a a s a Types of addresses • unicast • communicate specified 1 computer • multicast • communicate group of computers • anycast • send group address that can receive multiple computers, but receive 1 computer unicast multicast anycast

  14. Benefits of IPv6 >> Improved efficiency in routing and packet handling >> Support for autoconfiguration and plug and play >> Support for embedded IPSec >> Enhanced support for Mobile IP and mobile computing devices >> Elimination of the need for network address translation (NAT) >> Support for widely deployed routing protocols. >> Increased number of multicast addresses, and improved support for multicast.

  15. Changes in IPv4 Header Format..

  16. IPv6 Header Fields • VERS: 6 (IP version number) • Priority: will be used in congestion control • Flow Label: experimental - sender can label a sequence of packets as being in the same flow. • Payload Length: number of bytes in everything following the 40 byte header, or 0 for a Jumbogram.

  17. IPv6 Header Fields • Next Header is similar to the IPv4 “protocol” field - indicates what type of header follows the IPv6 header. • Hop Limit is similar to the IPv4 TTL field (but now it really means hops, not time).

  18. IPv4 over IPv6 En-capsulation and De-capsulation

  19. * Transition Technologies.. -ISATAP -6 to 4 -Teredo

  20. ISATAP • Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol • Used in a Private Network only • Uses the ADDRESS FE80::0:5EFE:ww.xx:yy.zz -ww.xx.yy.zz is the IPv4 address • e.g. FE80::5EFE:10.0:30.120 -> FE80::5EFE:0A00:1E78

  21. 6 to 4 • Transition Protocol • Allows IPv4 networks to Tunnel IPv6 traffic • 2002:wwxx.yyzz:SubnetID:InterfaceID • Allows IPv6 clients to connect to IPv4 • -IPv4 can not connect to IPv6

  22. Teredo • * Used when you have an IPv4 NAT device

  23. Difference Between IPv4 and IPv6..

  24. Some Important terms..>> DNS -- Domain Name System (Service) -- Internet system to translate names into IP ADDRESS>> DHCP -- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol-- A Protocol for assigning DYNAMIC IP ADDRESSES to devices on a Network..>> STATIC IP ADDRESS-- Permanent IP address that is assigned to a computer by an Internet service provider (ISP).. >> DYNAMIC IP ADDRESS -- IP ADDRESS assigned by DHCP Server..

  25. >> SUBNET MASK -- A subnet mask separates the IP address into the network and host addresses (<network><host>). . --Subnetting further divides the host part of an IP address into a subnet and host address (<network><subnet><host>).. --It is called a subnet mask because it is used to identify network address of an IP address..

  26. >> MAC ADDRESS (Physical Address) - Stands For Media Access Control Address - A hardware that uniquely identifies each Node of a Network.. OR (MAC ADDRESS is a physical hardware address assigned to each device that has the capability of connecting to a network.. ) - Local Destination Address of the Physical Layer

  27. - MAC addresses are 12-digit hexadecimal numbers (48 bits in length).MAC address Format : MM-MM-MM-SS-SS-SS - First half >> contains the ID number of the adapter manufacturer. - Second half >> represents the serial number assigned to the adapter by the manufacturer. In the example, 00:A0:C9:14:C8:29The prefix 00A0C9 indicates the manufacturer is Intel Corporation.

More Related